清儒劉恭冕史傳文獻中的人物分類與關係──以《廣經室文鈔》之史傳為中心

The Classification and Relationship of Characters in Liu Gongmian's Historical Biography

本文研究清儒劉恭冕(1824-1883)所撰史傳文獻，而其史傳文獻，著錄於《廣經室文鈔》，分別是〈夏君季質夫婦殉難記〉、〈林章兩貞烈紀略〉、〈故友任君漢卿締交記〉、〈梁孝子義士傳〉、〈清誥授奉直大夫晉封朝議大夫直隸昌黎縣知縣胡君墓誌銘〉、〈清故優貢生劉君墓誌銘〉、〈清誥授中憲大夫曲靖府知府陳君墓誌銘〉、〈清故蕭縣學教諭詔舉孝廉方正胡君墓志〉八篇。根據其中十一位人物的身分或職業，可分為「文官」、「學者」、「賢士」、「孝子」、「義士」、「賢貞婦女」六類，劉恭冕與所撰傳主的關係：朋友之關係與朋友之親人，有與其沒有任何關係者，惟景仰其人，單純為他撰傳。藉由劉恭冕的書寫載記，總論史傳人物的行誼，曰：「孝、友、義、廉、儉、慈、貞」。

This article studies the historical documents written by Liu Gongmian (1824~1883) of Qing Confucian scholars, and his historical documents are recorded in Guangjingshi Wenchao, which are ''The Martyrs of Xia Jun Jizhi Couple'' and ''Lin Zhang Liang Zhen Lie'' respectively. , ''The old friend Ren Jun and the Han Qing Dynasty'', ''Liang Xiaozi Yishi Biography'', ''Qing Dynasty entrusted the doctor Fengzhi to the Jin Dynasty, Changli County magistrate Hu Jun epitaph'', ''Qing Dynasty gifted scholar Liu Jun epitaph'' Eight chapters: ''The epitaph of Chen Jun, the prefect of Qujing Prefecture, the constitutional official of the Qing Dynasty'', ''The epitaph of the founder of Hu Jun of Xiaoxian Education in Xiaoxian of the Qing Dynasty''. According to the identities or occupations of eleven of them, they can be divided into six categories: ''civilian'', ''scholar'', ''magic'', ''filial son'', ''righteous'', and ''virtuous woman''. The relationship between Liu Gongmian and the author of the biography : The relationship between a friend and a friend's relatives, there are people who have nothing to do with them, but admire the person and simply write a biography for him. Based on Liu Gongmian's writing notes, he summarizes the friendship of historical figures, saying: ''filial piety, friendship, righteousness, integrity, thrift, kindness, and chaste.''