正向心理資本量表性別測量恆等性之分析

Analyses of Measurement Equivalence across Gender of the Psychological Capital Questionnaire

心理資本是正向心理學重要的研究構念，近年來受到國內學者的重視，檢驗心理資本測量工具的心理計量特質，能為研究效度提出佐證。故本研究檢驗24題版心理資本量表(PCQ-24)及13題短版心理資本量表(PCQ-13)之心理計量特質，並檢驗其跨性別之測量恆等性。本研究以臺灣790位全職工作者為研究對象，以LISREL進行分析。研究結果顯示，PCQ-24和PCQ-13兩者在跨性別樣本中具有完全因素構造恆等、部分因素量尺恆等、部分因素純量恆等、部分測量誤差恆等、以及部分因素平均數恆等。PCQ-24在跨性別樣本中雖具有完全因素變異數-共變數矩陣恆等，但PCQ-13僅具有部分因素變異數-共變數矩陣恆等，整體而言，長短版的心理資本量表皆可用於臺灣樣本，且可以進行跨性別之比較。

Psychological capital is an important construct in the positive psychology area that has received much research attention in recent years. The examination of the psychometric properties of the psychological capital measures can provide evidence for the research validity. This study was designed to examine psychometric qualities of the 24-item Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ-24 and the shortend13- item Psychological Capital Questionnaire, PCQ-13). We also examined the measurement equivalence of PCQ-24 and PCQ-13 cross-gender. Based on the data collected from 790 Taiwanese full-time employees, we conducted analyses with LISREL. The results showed that PCQ-24 and PCQ-13 have full configural invariance, partial metric, partial scalar, partial uniqueness, and partial latent means invariance. Unlike PCQ-24 which has a full factor variance-covariance matrix, PCQ-13 only has a partial variance-covariance matrix. In conclusion, both PCQ-24 and PCQ-13 have acceptable psychometric properties and can be used for cross-gender comparisons in Taiwan.