政府基於協力網絡的平台型新興傳染疾病生態系統模式──以COVID-19為例

Government as a Collaborative Network-Based Emerging Infectious Disease Platform Ecosystem: Lessons from COVID-19

現有研究強調資訊科技對政府管理新興傳染疾病緊急事件的重要性，但對於政府如何運用資訊科技建立新興傳染疾病的協力式緊急事件管理網絡以整合關鍵跨域活動和複雜的實體尚缺乏實證研究。本文採用紮根理論法對政府建立基於協力網絡的平台型新興傳染疾病生態系統模式進行初步探索，運用各國政府對COVID-19緊急事件管理進行實證分析，將抽象的情境具體化。本文研究結果表明，平台模式透過結合理論適配和資訊科技，有助於政府管理疫情爆發的不同階段與減災、整備、應變、復原的功能所產生的協力網絡和關鍵跨域活動：新興傳染疾病共享的風險評估和疫情監測、發展溝通和全民參與、協力網絡和業務整合，從而改善政府今後新興傳染疾病緊急事件管理的成效。

This paper aimed to use information technology to construct a collaborative network–based platform ecosystem model on emerging infectious diseases (EIDs). This model integrates key boundary-spanning activities and entities of a complex nature. Few empirical studies have explored how governments leverage information technology to realize such a model. The paper adopted the method of grounded theory in an initial exploration of such a model; specifically, data on the response of national governments to COVID-19 were analyzed, and abstractions of social interactions in EIDs were concretized and empirically investigated. Results from the adoption of a coding paradigm revealed that the EID platform model, where theory fit is combined with the use of information technology, helps governments manage collaborative networks and key boundary-spanning activities. Specifically, the platform allowed for the sharing of EID risk assessment and epidemic surveillance data, communication regarding EID developments and engagement with the community, the realization of an EID collaborative network and integration with business. Through this system, government authorities respond to EID outbreaks in different phases with the four functions of mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery in the model. This network helps governments strengthen their response to EIDs in emergencies.