百年探索：2020-2021年近代臺灣政治史研究回顧與展望

A Century of Exploration: Retrospect and Prospect of the Research on Political History of Modern Taiwan (2020 to 2021)

本文以2020年與2021年臺灣學界有關「近代臺灣政治史」的研究為中心，整理這兩年間的主要成果，希望藉此釐清近年學界研究的趨勢，以及未來值得推展的研究課題。本文除分別探討日治與戰後時期的政治史研究成果，並在這兩個階段之間另立「跨時越境之研究成果」一節。日治時期議題包括帝國政策與臺灣社會、地方制度與個別人物或事件，以及臺灣人的主體意識與行動。跨時越境議題包括軍事史與臺籍日本兵問題、二二八事件研究及其外延、臺灣的涉外關係與法律地位，以及從臺灣籍民到海外臺灣人。戰後議題則包括威權統治、政治案件與轉型正義、民主人權，以及選舉活動。
政治史是歷史學的核心領域，探索臺灣近百年政治史的研究成果尤其具有學術與現實的意義。值得注意的是，臺灣百年來創造了兩個奇蹟，一個是達成所得快速成長的經濟奇蹟，另一個就是建立民主體制的政治奇蹟；本文藉由百年的回顧，已大致呈現臺灣如何達成民主化的政治奇蹟。展望未來，近代臺灣政治史仍有許多議題值得深入探討，除日治與戰後的議題，還有許多議題跨越時代或延伸到海外，可以個別深入研究，也可進行跨領域的比較分析，進而也可探討臺灣主體意識如何確立等。只要用心發現問題並發掘史料，未來還有很多議題可以進一步開展。

With focus on the academic research on“political history of modern Taiwan”from 2020 to 2021, this article summarizes the main findings, aiming to clarify the trends in recent studies and identify topics worthy of future exploration. In addition to discussing research results on political history of Taiwan under Japanese rule and in the post-war period, this article also devotes a section to reviewing research outcomes that span across different eras and territories. Topics related to the Japanese colonial era include imperial policies and Taiwanese society, local systems and individual figures or events, as well as the subjectivity and actions of Taiwanese people. Cross-era and cross-boundary topics include military history and Taiwanese Imperial Japan Servicemen, the 228 Incident and its ripples, Taiwan’s foreign relations and legal status, Taiwan Sekimin became overseas Taiwanese. Post-war topics include authoritarian rule, political cases and transitional justice, democracy and human rights, and election campaigns.
Political history is the core of historical research, and exploring Taiwan’s political history over the past century is of particular academic and practical significance. It is noteworthy that Taiwan has created two miracles in the past century; one being the economic miracle of rapid income growth, and the other, the political miracle of establishing a democratic political system. Reviewing the past century, this article presents how Taiwan achieved the political miracle of democratization. There are still many issues in the political history of modern Taiwan that merit in-depth investigation. In addition to topics related to the Japanese colonial era and the post-war period, many cross-era and cross-territory issues also warrant further examination. Interdisciplinary comparative analysis and the establishment of Taiwanese subjectivity are possible research directions. With dedication to identifying problems and analyzing historical materials, new subjects will be discovered for further exploration in future.