惡意商標注册的概念體系解讀與規範適用分析

Interpretation of the Concept System of Malicious Trademark Registration and Analysis of its Normative Application

在注册制框架下，商標權的取得與注册有直接關聯，較少涉及商標使用，因此容易産生惡意商標注册和惡意商標使用問題。我國《商標法》從“非使用性目的” “非正當性手段”以及“違反合法性條款” 等方面，對出于不良動機而惡意注册商標的情形進行規制，形成了惡意商標注册類型化的系列條款。惡意商標雖然能取得權利外觀效力，但經無效宣告制度補正後可能産生權利終止的效果；即便部分惡意商標轉化成無爭議商標，其使用也應受到法律規制。商標法的未來改革，應注重以商標使用爲內核的正向規範和以惡意搶注、囤積商標爲對象的反向規制，在立法規範、行政確權審查和司法裁判等方面進行改進和完善。

Under the framework of the registration system, the acquisition of trademark right is directly related to the registration, and rarely involves the use of trademarks, thus creating the problem of malicious registered trademarks and malicious trademark use. China’ s Trademark Law regulates the malicious situation of registering trademarks for bad motives from the aspects of “non use purposes”, “illegitimate means” and “violation of legality clauses”, forming a series of clauses for the classification of malicious trademark registration. Although a malicious trademark has the effect of appearance of rights, it may lead to the termination of rights after being corrected by the invalidation declaration system; Even if some malicious trademarks are converted into uncontested trademarks, their use is regulated by law. The future reform of the trademark law should focus on the positive regulation with the use of trademarks as the core and the reverse regulation with the malicious squatting and hoarding of trademarks as the object, and improve and perfect the legislative norms, the review of administrative confirmation of rights and judicial decisions.