| 英文摘要 |
Optimal perioperative management is one of the key matters in the evidence-based enhanced recovery after surgery protocol with the improvement of clinical outcomes and life quality. Perioperative multimodal analgesia (MMA) is known to provide better postoperative pain management and reduce the risk of chronic postsurgical pain and opioid use disorder. The opioid epidemic was reported in the US, which is more than a national public health problem. To deal with the crisis, in 2018, the National Institutes of Health initiated a new program called Helping to End Addiction Long-term (HEAL) in the US. The key of HEAL program is to treat perioperative pain in the acute phase by using more than one analgesic with diverse mechanisms of action via different routes and achieves better pain management with less opioid dose. MMA is proven to treat acute pain effectively, ease the pain, use fewer opioids, and recover quickly from surgery. |
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