我國商船船員離職原因之研究

A Study on the Reasons of Turnover for Taiwanese Seafarers

鑑於近年來本國籍船員上船意願低落及離職率偏高，致使臺灣航運界面臨國籍船員供不應求之窘境，本研究遂以量化研究探究歷經海上實習之航輪實習生再上船工作與回原實習公司意願，並以質性分析深入瞭解其離職原因。量化分析結果顯示，航輪實習生對實習制度滿意度，顯著正向影響其繼續上船工作與回原實習公司意願。此外，對實習制度越滿意者，其繼續上船工作意願之增幅，在遠洋航線者顯著高於在非遠洋航線者。再者，對自身本職學能越有信心者，其回原實習公司意願之增幅，在貨櫃船者顯著高於在非貨櫃船者。質性分析結果顯示，賺取較優厚薪資為多數船員上船之主要動機，而於家庭經濟獲得一定改善後，渴望上岸參與家庭生活遂為船員離開海上職場之主因。

Given the low willingness of our national seafarers to work onboard and a slightly high turnover rate in recent years, the shipping industry in Taiwan has been facing a shortfall of national seafarers. As a result, this research focuses on quantitative analysis to explore the willingness for cadets to continuously work on a ship and return to work for the original shipping company after they have completed their onboard internship. In the meanwhile, qualitative analysis is used to understand the reasons for their departure. The quantitative analysis results show that maritime graduates who are more satisfied with the internship system boost their willingness to continue working on ships. Cadets on deepsea shipping lines are significantly higher than those on shortsea shipping lines. Furthermore, if maritime graduates feel confident about their professional learning ability will increase their willingness to return to work for their internship company. Cadets on container ships are significantly higher than those on non-container ships. The qualitative analysis results show earning money is the primitive motivation for most seafarers to work onboard. After the family economic condition has improved to a certain extent, the desire to accompany with their family members has become the main reason for seafarers to leave the workplace on board.