中高齡志工情緒風格、參與動機與老化態度之研究

A Study on the Relationship Among Emotional Style, Participation Motivation, and Attitude toward Aging of Middle-Aged and Elderly Volunteers

在面對老化過程中，不論在生理、心理或社會地位轉變上的認知及相關適應情況，中高齡志工可能有正向看法及負向的問題必須面對，而從腦神經科學基礎的情緒基本單位，可了解其在展望、復原力、社會直覺、自我覺察、情境敏感度及注意力等六個情緒風格(emotional style)特質的表現，並針對中高齡志工的參與動機強弱和個人情緒風格的差異性，探討其直接或間接影響著對老化知覺的態度。故本研究旨從腦神經科學觀點和心理取向分析情緒風格對參與動機與老化態度之關聯性，並探討參與動機為志工情緒風格與老化態度的中介變項。採問卷調查法進行量化研究，以立意取樣收集資料，邀請大台北區45-65歲中高齡志工為研究對象，共發放220份，取得有效問券178份，回收率為81%。研究結果發現中高齡志工的情緒風格、參與動機與老化態度均趨於正向；志工情緒風格也會透過參與動機的部分中介效果，進而對老化態度產生影響。

In facing the aging process, middle-aged and elderly volunteers may have positive perceptions and negative issues to cope with, regarding physical, psychological, and social changes in status and related adaptations. The basic unit, which can be used to understand the performance of six emotional style traits such as outlook, resilience, social intuition, self-awareness, sensitivity to context and attention, and target the participation motivation of middle-aged and elderly volunteers and personal differences in emotional styles and their direct or indirect effects on attitudes toward aging perceptions. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the relationship between emotional style and participation motivation and aging attitudes from the perspective of neuroscience and psychological orientation, and to explore participation motivation as a mediating variable between volunteer emotional style and aging attitude. A quantitative study was conducted using a questionnaire method, and data were collected by purposive sampling. Volunteers aged 45-65 in the Greater Taipei Area were invited to be the subjects. 220 questionnaires were distributed, and 178 valid ones were obtained, with a recovery rate of 81%. The results show that middle-aged and elderly volunteers have positive emotional style, participation motivation, and attitudes toward aging. The emotional style of volunteers can also impact attitudes toward aging through part of the mediation effect of participation motivation.