地方立法抵觸上位法的判定方法及其價值取向

判定地方立法是否抵觸上位法的核心是價值判斷。實踐中，有權機關進行相關判定時運用的價值判斷方法是原則權衡，法制統一、有效治理、權利保護是權衡考慮的三個重要原則。不同有權機關由於自身職權、立場等差異，在權衡時有不同的價值取向偏好。就法制統一與有效治理原則的一般權重而言，基於國家治理之立場，在堅守法制統一原則的三條底線之基礎上，宜賦予有效治理原則更大權重。有權機關在抵觸判定時依次經過以下四個步驟可得出抵觸與否之結論：事實判斷、法制統一原則的三條底線判斷、有效治理與法制統一原則之權衡、權利保護與有效治理（或法制統一）之權衡。

The core of determining if a local rule contradicts superior legislation is value judgment. In reality, the value judgment method used by the authority in judging whether the local legislation is in conflict with the upper-level law is principle balancing , and the three important principles that need to be considered in the balancing exercise are legal unity, effective governance and rights protection. Due to the differences of their own functions and positions, different authorities have different value preferences in principle weighing. As far as the general weight of the principle of legal unity and effective governance is concerned, from the perspective of national governance, it is advisable to give greater weight to the principle of effective governance on the basis of the three bottom lines required by the principle of legal unity. The authority can draw a conclusion about whether there is contradiction by the following four steps: the judgment of facts, the judgment of the three bottom lines of the principle of legal unity, the balance be- tween effective governance and legal unity, and the balance between rights protection and effective governance (or legal unity).