公部門聘僱、貨幣政策與失業

PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT, MONETARY POLICY AND UNEMPLOYMENT

政府政策可以影響失業率嗎？根據傳統總體經濟學與眾多有關菲力普曲線的討論，貨幣政策會影響失業率。另外，公部門的聘僱、解僱與薪資的決定會影響勞動市場的變動，一是由勞動人力的轉移，另外則是藉由影響政府支出。公部門聘僱若搭配不同財源對勞動市場的影響為何？貨幣政策對失業的效果會因此改變嗎？本文的架構為均衡搜尋模型而且具有個體基礎。勞工可以選在去公部門或私部門工作，勞動市場與商品市場的交易行為也有具體的描述。本文將以台灣的資料來模擬校準並以數值模擬來探討貨幣政策對於失業率的長期影響;而與其他相關文獻不同的是，貨幣政策對失業的影響會取決於公部門的聘僱。

Public employment affects job search and matching in the private sector. It also affects the composition of the government budget constraint and thus affects other macroeconomic variables. Monetary policy also impacts the unemployment rate. This paper considers the relationship between inflation and unemployment, and the interactions between private and public sector employment within a general equilibrium model. Agents trade with each other, and choose to work in the public sector or private sector. The growth rate of the money supply, the level of public employment, and public sector wages, all set exogenously by the government, play an important role in determining the equilibrium unemployment.