荷爾蒙輔助治療卵巢癌的檢視

Hormone therapy for ovarian cancer

卵巢癌是一種高死亡率的癌病，其中又以上皮性卵巢癌居多，包括5種重要組織病理類型：高度惡性漿液性卵巢癌、低度惡性漿液性卵巢癌、黏液性卵巢癌、類子宮內膜卵巢癌、亮細胞卵巢癌等。化學治療對高度惡性漿液性卵巢癌的效果雖好但復發性高、對低度惡性漿液性卵巢癌則效果欠佳，故需其它的輔助治療。大部份的上皮性卵巢癌和許多顆粒細胞瘤都含有雌激素接受器和黃體素，許多臨床上的研究認為，以內分泌治療（泰莫西芬、芳香族酵素抑制劑和黃體素）最有助益，能延長晚期及復發性上皮性卵巢癌的生存時間。

Ovarian cancer is a lethal disease comprised of distinct histopathological types. Invasive epithelial ovarian cancer consists of five major histopathological type: high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC), low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (LGSOC), mucinous ovarian carcinoma, endometrioid ovarian carcinoma, and clear cell ovarian carcinoma. High-grade serous ovarian cancer is currently treated with chemotherapy. The majority of patients show a primary response, however, many rapidly develop drug resistance, and lower sensitivity to chemotherapy for LGSOC. Estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) mediate the effects of female steroid hormone on ovarian cancer. The majority of epithelial ovarian carcinomas and many granulosa cell tumors express ER and PR, which have demonstrated responses to endocrine therapy (tamoxifen, aromatase inhibitors and progesterone) in multiple clinical trials. For advanced and recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer, antiestrogen therapies should be considered in order to prolong the progressionfree interval of disease.