從推拉力理論探討休閒園藝場所的規劃設計原則

Exploring the Planning and Design Principles of Gardening Places from Push-Pull Theory

考量休閒園藝場所的關鍵推拉力因素將可作為休閒園藝活動場所的空間需求設計原則，加強民眾前往場所的動機與吸引力，並提升使用後的滿意度，也可做為挑選執行休閒園藝場所潛力的評估指標，有助提升農業旅遊品質。因此本研究目的主要捕捉休閒園藝活動場所的拉力與推力的核心因素，次要目的為同時探討個人背景變項對拉力與推力因素之影響，捕捉哪些個人背景變項特別重視哪些因素。研究透過訪談內容形成82 題休閒園藝場所的推拉力題項，以七點尺度評估項目在休閒園藝活動場所的重要程度。研究於臺中市勤美綠園道發放問卷，有效問卷共391 份。本研究透過探索式因素指出自然友善的環境、舒適便利的環境、多元的園藝活動、適合親子活動是四個核心拉力因素，推力因素則為健康動機與教育動機。此外自然友善環境最能反應健康動機與教育動機，女性比男性明顯更重視環境因素，已婚者比其他婚姻狀況者更重視休閒園藝適合親子活動。根據研究結果未來可透過六大推拉力因素構面評估預計新成立場所的潛力與進行規劃設計作為指標性原則。在已成立的場所上，則可用來檢視場所不足及尚需改善的地方以吸引更多參與者獲得更多的經濟效益。

The push and pull factors of gardening places can be used as design principles of spatial requirements to enhance the participant’s motivation, attraction, and satisfaction, provide an evaluation indicator for the potential of gardening places, and promote the quality of agricultural tourism. The first purpose of this study is to capture the pull and push factors of gardening places. The secondary purpose is to explore the influence of personal background variables on the pull and push factors. This study used the interview content to develop 82 questions on push and pull factors of gardening places, assessing the importance level through a seven-point scale. Three hundred ninety-one valid questionnaires were obtained at Calligraphy Greenway in Taichung City. This study indicated that the four core pull factors were natural and friendly environment, comfortable and convenient environment, multiple gardening activities, and suitability for parent-child activities through exploratory factors analysis. Health and educational motivations were the push factor. In addition, a natural environment is the most responsive to health and educational motivations. Female was significantly more concerned with environmental factors than males. The married respondents are more concerned with suitability for parent-child activities than other marital statuses. According to the study results, the five major push and pull factors are the guiding principles for evaluating the potential of gardening. The push and pull factors can improve the shortcomings of the gardening places, attract tourists, and promote agricultural economics.