應用壓縮服飾促進運動表現與運動後恢復之生理效益

Literature review of the application of compression clothing to promote athletic performance and recover physiological benefits after exercise

壓縮服飾近年廣受消費者的喜愛，不僅是專業運動員會在運動場上穿戴壓縮服飾，一般民眾也會在平常運動時穿著壓縮服飾，而壓縮服飾對運動的效益為何，目前仍待科學驗證。本文針對壓縮服飾對不同種類運動的生理效益進行整理，並將壓縮服飾效益分為立即影響運動表現，促進運動後恢復等主題，並基於相關實驗結果探討實際應用層面之適用性。目前多數研究發現壓縮服飾對運動表現沒有顯著效益，然而目前應用下肢壓縮服飾針對運動後恢復的效益結論並不一致，下肢壓縮服飾只有在主觀痠痛程度和DOMS等主觀感覺有較一致的研究結果，經整理歸納相關文獻後發現，進行驗證最大的問題是無法精準地量化，與固定壓縮服飾與皮膚間的壓力。建議未來相關研究能夠針對此面向，突破技術限制，進行更廣泛的研究。

Compression garments have became popular among consumers in recent years, not only professional athletes wear compression garments on the sports field, but also the general public often wear compression garments during exercise. However, the benefits of compression garments on sports remain to be elucidated by research evidence. In this paper, the physiological benefits of compression apparel on different types of exercise were summarized and classified into themes such as its immediate affects on sports performance and post-exercise recovery. The applicability to practical uses was also explored based on relevant experimental results. Most of the studies found no significant benefits of compression garments on sports performance. Moreover, the findings on the benefits of lower limb compression garments on post-exercise recovery are inconsistent, whereas consistent favorable effects were found on subjective delayed onset muscle soreness index. Of note, a critical issue to validate its use experimentally is that we could not objectively and accurately quantity and fix the pressure between compression garments and skin, which is a potential research topic to conduct for future studies on this perspective.