商業長照保險需求、願付程度、預防性儲蓄與長照制度偏好的關聯性

Associations of Demand for Private Long-Term Care Insurance, Willingness to Pay, and Precautionary Savings with Preferences for Long-Term Care Systems

相較於國外的強制社會長照保險制度，國人對於現行長照2.0-社會福利補貼政策（賦稅制）是否認同其可滿足符合自身對於長照需求的期待，為本研究的重點。我們藉由全國性問卷，調查已（曾）有與未有長照需求的民眾，觀察其面對長照風險時，對於長照保險需求、願付程度與預防性儲蓄的態度，是否影響其對於這兩種長照制度的偏好及是否具有差異，且差異與個人社會經濟特徵是否有關。實證發現，商業長照保險需求、願付程度與預防性儲蓄的行為愈積極者，愈偏好長照保險制度，且此一族群的社會經濟特徵包括：男性、已婚、勞工、年齡愈長（40~64歲）、年所得199萬以下者、愈擔憂長壽風險者、對長照給付內容的風險的關注（擔憂）程度愈高者。

The affordability of Long-term Care (LTC) services under Taiwan’s tax-funded LTC Plan 2.0 for the Taiwanese people who need them, and the preference differences between Taiwan’s current system and the mandatory public LTC insurance systems of other countries are topics that remain under debate. We survey Taiwanese individuals (both LTC demanders and LTC non-demanders) to determine whether the financial burden associated with LTC services is mitigated through the following finance-related behaviors: demand for LTC insurance, willingness to pay, and precautionary saving motives, and whether these three factors significantly influence their choice of LTC systems. Our empirical results reveal that the respondents who exhibit higher levels of the three aforementioned finance-related behaviors tend to prefer the public LTC insurance system over the tax-funded LTC Plan 2.0 system. Moreover, the respondents who prefer the public LTC insurance system are predominantly male, married, working-class, aged between 40 and 64 years, earning less than NT$1,990,000 annually, genuinely concerned about their longevity, and anxious about having to make future LTC payments.