歐盟《全球教育指南》對我國中小學全球教育的啟示

The Enlightenment of the European Union«Global Education Guideline»to the Global Education of Elementary and Secondary Schools in Taiwan

國際教育是二戰和冷戰下的產物，作為國際交流和因應挑戰的工具。全球教育則是隨著新千禧年或全球化時代而來的概念，可視為國際教育的延伸，旨在使人們具備新思維去理解世界問題，為建立公平正義和尊重人權的世界而努力。全球化造成各國在經濟、環境、政治、文化及科技方面的相互依存、休戚與共，也加劇了全球經濟、社會和文化的轉型。歐盟作為一個民主發展的實驗室，特別重視人權，不僅訂有監督成員國人權紀錄的機制，也採取積極措施來保護和實現人權。歐盟制定了全球能力架構，希望透過教育將這些能力推廣到各成員國，使每位歐盟成員都具備這樣的能力去負擔全球責任。為達到前述目標，歐盟南北中心出版了《全球教育指南》作為培養中小學生全球能力的指引。本文採文獻分析法針對指南中所提出的全球能力以及相關的教學策略加以探究，並據此提出對我國中小學全球教育的啟示。

International education is a product of World War II and the Cold War as a tool for international exchange and response to challenges. Global education is a concept that has come with the new millennium or the era of globalization and can be regarded as an extension of international education. Global education aims to equip people with new thinking to understand the world's problems and work towards a world of fairness, justice, and respect for human rights. Globalization has created economic, environmental, political, cultural, and technological interdependence and solidarity among countries and has exacerbated the transformation of the global economy, society, and culture. Under globalization, as a laboratory for democratic development, the European Union (EU) cares about human rights so that it not only makes mechanisms to monitor the human rights of member states but also takes actions to protect them. Moreover, the EU has developed a global capacity framework that hopes to extend these competencies to member states through education so that every member can shoulder global responsibilities. The EU North-South Centre published the Global Education Guideline as a guide for building the global capacity of elementary and secondary school students. This paper explored the global capabilities and related teaching strategies proposed in this guideline through a literature review. Based on the findings, this paper proposes some enlightenments for global education in elementary and secondary schools in Taiwan.