中部地區民眾理財素養與理財行為之研究

Study on the Consumers’Financial Literacy and Financial Behavior in Central Taiwan

本研究採問卷調查方式，探討中部地區民眾的理財素養與理財行為，主要研究結果如下：
1.在理財素養的問卷調查中，以「我了解投資報酬率越高，風險也越高」的平均值4.63為最高；「我了解理財機器人服務的相關內容」的平均值3.06為最低。在理財行為的問卷調查中，以「我購物時會貨比三家」的平均值4.23為最高；「我經常聽信親朋好友提供的資訊進行投資」的平均值3.17為最低。
2.中部地區民眾較不了解理財機器人及開放銀行相關內容、較不喜愛利用保險來做為主要的理財工具。
3.本研究將理財素養分為理財知識與風險認知兩個因素，理財行為分為積極型理財行為、理財能力、參考理財建議之意願、保守型理財行為、長期間少月支付之教育基金規劃五個因素。以多元迴歸探討理財素養對理財行為的影響，實證結果發現：(1)理財知識對理財行為的五個因素都有正向影響，表示理財知識越好，理財行為越強。(2)由於從事積極型理財行為需要較高程度的風險認知，因此風險認知對積極型理財行為有正向影響。而從事保守型理財行為的風險較低，因此風險認知對於保守型理財行為沒有影響。

This study explored the differences in financial literacy and financial behaviors of people with different basic information in the central region through a questionnaire survey. The main research results are as follows:
1. In the questionnaire on financial literacy, the average score of “I understand that the higher the return on investment is, the higher the risk will be” was the highest (4.63); the average score of “I understand robo-advisory services” was the lowest (3.06). In the questionnaire on financial behaviors, the average score of “I always shop around for the best deal” was the highest (4.23); the average score of “I often make investments based on information provided by relatives and friends” was the lowest (3.17).
2. The comparison of people with different basic information in the central region shows that: (1) they did not know much about robo-advisory services and open banking; (2) they had no inclination over using insurance as their primary financial instruments.
3. In this study, financial literacy was divided into financial knowledge and financial cognition, and financial behaviors were divided into positive financial behavior, financial ability, financial advice, conservative financial behavior, and long-term education fund planning. The effects of financial literacy on financial behaviors were explored by multiple regression, and the empirical results show that: (1) financial knowledge has positive effects on five factors of financial behaviors, indicating that the better financial knowledge is, the stronger financial behaviors will be; (2) because positive financial behaviors require high financial cognition, financial cognition has positive effects on positive financial behaviors. Because conservative financial behaviors have low risks, financial cognition has no effects on conservative financial behaviors.