客家話四字俗成語音義結構探討

A Study on the Phonology, Structure and Semantics of Four-character Idioms in Hakka Dialect

臺灣客家話出現不少四字俗成語，其中展現傳統成語所没有的音律、句法及語義層面特色。本文以教育部〈臺灣客家語常用詞辭典〉、客家委員會《客語能力認證詞彙》等作為主要語料來源，找出客語四字俗成語共600項，應用詞彙語法學及認知語義學理論分析其語音形式、語法結構及認知語義類型表現，目的在指出客家話俗成語的形式及語義特徵以彌補方言語彙研究之不足。這一來有利於當代華語、客語教學及本土文學創作時的語碼轉換，二來也有助於漢語語彙類型學的完整建構。

There are a large number of four-character idioms in Hakka dialect of Taiwan, which show the characteristics of rhythm, syntax and semantics that are not found in traditional idioms.This article uses the Ministry of Education's ''Taiwan Hakka Common Dictionary'' and the Hakka Committee's “Hakka Certification Corpus” as the main sources, find out a total of 600 Hakka four-character idioms, and analyze them by applying the theory of grammar and cognitive semantics. The purpose is to point out the form and semantic features of Hakka idioms, so as to make up for the lack of dialect vocabulary research. In this way, it is helpful for Hakka language teaching and code-switching in the native literature writing. Secondly, it can also promote the complete construction of Chinese lexical typology.