歐盟永續金融法制發展對我國之借鏡

Lessons from the viewpoint of EU's legal acts and Policy on sustainable financing

2015年聯合國通過《巴黎協定》和《2030年永續發展議程》，各國政府開始致力實現永續發展目標，並增強應對氣候變遷的能力。隨著面臨越來越多地氣候變遷和資源枯竭所帶來的災難和難以預測的後果，急需要採取緊急行動以面對此現實。於此背景下，歐盟擬透過金融體系發揮關鍵作用，促進企業實現更綠色及永續的經濟活動，並在追求經濟成長目標下，同時減少環境壓力並提升社會和公司治理。而為確保投資人正確判斷企業可能面臨ESG相關的風險，須提升企業資料揭露透明度及資訊品質，企業也必須針對相關風險，研擬相關策略及因應措施降低營運損失。2018年歐盟執委會通過永續金融成長行動計畫，2021年通過向永續經濟轉型金融戰略，建立永續金融框架三大基礎，包括擬定永續經濟活動的分類系統或「分類法」、非金融和金融公司的資訊揭露框架，以及歐盟氣候轉型基準、歐洲綠色債券標準等投資工具。而透過相關措施導引投資者將資金投入更可永續的技術和企業，將有助於實現氣候和環境目的。

By adopting the Paris Agreement on climate change and the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development in 2015, governments from around the world work hard to achieve the sustainable development goals and build resilience to climate change. As we are increasingly faced with the catastrophic and unpredictable consequences of climate change and resource depletion, urgent action is urgently needed to face this reality. In this context, the EU intends to play a key role through the financial system to promote greener and more sustainable economic activities, and to pursue economic growth while reducing environmental stress and improving social and corporate governance. In order to ensure that investors correctly judge the risks that companies may face in relation to ESG, it is necessary to improve the transparency of corporate disclosure and the quality of information, and companies must develop strategies and measures to reduce operational losses in response to these risks. The European Commission adopted the action plan on financing sustainable growth in 2018, and strategy for financing the transition to a sustainable economy in 2021. Based on those plans, the EU has put in place the three building blocks for a sustainable financial framework. These building blocks are a classification system, or 'taxonomy', of sustainable activities, a disclosure framework for non-financial and financial companies, and Investment tools such as EU Climate Benchmarks Regulation, a standard on European green bonds. By enabling investors to re-orient investments towards more sustainable technologies and businesses, these measures will be instrumental in reaching our climate and environmental targets.