閩文化虎諺語建構過程探討

The Formation of Tiger Proverbs in Hokkien

本文嘗試透過概念隱喻理論來檢視與「虎」相關的閩南諺語。閩南地區多山，也間接造就閩南地區人民與老虎的互動機會提高，而先民透過對老虎的認知，將老虎的形象和習性隱喻延伸至人類社會的行為舉止或思維模式。本文從三個面向出發，透過對照諺語、歷史文獻、閩地方志，分別討論老虎諺語的建構。共有三個層次。一透過老虎的習性和兇惡形象，隱喻延伸至社會的危險事件，並採取的對抗和馴服。二則從老虎危險的相似性出發，形塑老虎隱喻人類社會中的人性或特定角色的險惡性格。三是透過老虎的習性威武等正面形象，隱喻延伸人性或人物的勇武和限制。

This article attempts to examine Southern Hokkien proverbs related to 'tiger' through conceptual metaphor theory.
This article discusses the construction of tiger proverbs by comparing proverbs, historical documents, and local chronicles in Hokkien.
I claim that the ancestors extended the image and habits of tiger metaphors to the behavior and thinking patterns of human society.
There are three aspects of this metaphor. First, the tiger’s habits and vicious image metaphorically extend the dangerous events of society, and the interaction between humans and tigers shows that the relationship between humans and tigers is from 'antagonism' to 'taming'. Second, the metaphor is based on the similarity of the tiger's danger, and forms the tiger's metaphor for human nature or the dangerous character of a specific role in human society. The third is the tiger's positive images such as the tiger's habit and might, it metaphorically extends the bravery and limitation to its habitat of human nature or a character.