後人類時代的虛擬愛情：論平路與張系國科幻小說中的電子情人

Virtual Love in the Posthuman Age: A Discussion of Electronic Lovers in the Science Fiction of Lu Ping and Shi-Kuo Chang

平路於1989年發表〈人工智慧紀事〉，張系國於1993年發表〈金縷衣〉、〈珍妮的畫像〉，三篇科幻小說皆探討人類男性與機械女性之間的情感轇轕。兩位作家曾於1992年合作創造實驗小說《捕諜人》，之後又分別在相近的時間點，思考後人類時代人機戀情裡的性別關係，使這三篇科幻小說猶如《捕諜人》般，再次呈現男作家與女作家對同一議題的殊異觀點。本文從「電子情人的身體敘事」、「虛擬愛情的建構與解構」、「後人類時代的性別烏托邦」切入，藉由這三部科幻文本思考後人類時代的愛情建構、性別關係及烏托邦想像。平路與張系國於世紀末書寫的科幻愛情寓言，喻示兩性的分歧觀點，歧異的罅隙在時間的震盪之下日益擴張，愈演愈烈，似乎也已成為今日拒絕繁衍與情感孑立的孤獨世代的新世紀預言。

The science fiction novels Record of Artificial Intelligence (written by Lu Ping, 1989), Golden Silk Dress and Portrait of Jenny (written by Shi-Kuo Chang, 1993) explored the emotional entanglements between human males and female robots. Lu Ping and Shi-Kuo Chang further collaborated on an experimental novel Spy Catcher, and afterward these two writers separately speculated on gender relations in human-robot romance in the posthuman age; therefore, similar to Spy Catcher, the three afore-mentioned science fiction novels, Record of Artificial Intelligence, Golden Silk Dress, and Portrait of Jenny demonstrated the divergent perspectives of male and female writers on the same issue. This paper aims to discuss love construction, gender relations, and utopian imagination in the posthuman age through three texts, Body Narratives of a Female Robot, Construction and Deconstruction of Virtual Love, and Gender Utopia in the Posthuman Age, all science fiction novels. In these books, written near the end of the twentieth century, we seem to see their predictions for the current lonely generation that refuses to reproduce and is emotionally isolated; we may project that these traits will intensify over time and be realized in the apocalyptic post-human era depicted in this science fiction.