社會變遷下的原住民族族語能力：婚配與移徙模式的影響

Ethnic Language Proficiency of Indigenous Peoples under Social Changes: The Impact of Marriage and Migration Patterns

考量近代社會變遷脈絡下原住民族家庭與社群的變化，本研究以婚配型態與遷移特性為經緯，運用「族語保持現況調查」資料進行觀察與分析。研究發現如下：(1)相較於親代內婚，親代原漢通婚與跨族婚者族語能力較差，而與母親同族者族語能力較佳；(2)相較於外移的原住民，在原鄉者的族語能力最佳，但先前曾離鄉爾後才回流部落者，其族語能力與留在原鄉未移動者沒有顯著差異；(3)國中之前若有機會在原鄉生活對族語有正向影響，以小學階段在原鄉生活對於個人族語能力扎根最為重要。

This research investigates changes in indigenous families and communities in the context of social changes in modern times, using data from the Status of Ethnic Language Retention survey. The findings are as follows: (1) Compared with people with both parents from the same ethnic group, those with exogamous parents have poorer ethnic language proficiency, and those remaining in the same ethnic group as their mother have better language proficiency. (2) Compared with people not living in indigenous trial areas, people living in indigenous tribal areas have better ethnic language proficiency; but there is no significant difference between the ethnic language proficiency of return migrants and that of local residents. (3) Living in indigenous tribal areas before middle school has a positive impact on ethnic language proficiency, and the effect of living in indigenous tribal areas during primary school is significant.