我國監獄中作業制度暨受刑人再社會化之實證研究

The Link Between the Prisoners' Labor System and Their Re-Socialization in Taiwan

本文出於探討我國受刑人對監獄中作業或職業訓練的狀況與想法、勞作金收入的問題、監獄中作業或職業訓練對受刑人出獄後的就業是否有幫助以及受刑人出獄後的社會復歸情形等目的，針對共13位前受刑人就在監參與作業或職業訓練之相關事項進行半結構式的訪談。訪談結果發現，監獄方的作業制度與項目安排，實質上是一種管理受刑人的手段且以容易執行為考量，在我國受刑人被認為有參與作業之義務，而且作業項目對未來出獄後找工作是沒有用的，只是在消磨獄中的時間，而且所獲勞作金相當少，難以維持在獄中應有的開銷，以及對於出獄後的就業，監獄所提供的資源沒有發揮效益等等。本文基於訪談結果，提出以下改革建議：（一）確立監獄中作業制度應以受刑人之再社會化為目標；（二）改變監獄中的作業項目與型態以提高整體勞作金；（三）增加參與職業訓練課程之機會並且提升師資專業性與課程實用性；（四）以個案管理方式提早建置並延伸更生保護系統的連結。

The purpose of this article is to discuss the situation and opinion of Taiwan's prisoners on work or vocational training in prisons, the issue of labor compensation in prison, whether the work or vocational training in correctional facilities is helpful to the prisoners' employment after they are released from correctional facilities, and the situation of rehabilitation after being released from correctional facilities. This article was conducted using semi-structured interviews with a total of 13 ex-offenders on their experiences related to their participation in work or vocational training in prisons. The results of the interviews found that the work system in prisons and the work project arrangement is essentially considered to be a method of managing prisoners and it is easy to execute. In Taiwan, participation in the work system in prisons is considered to be the obligation of prisoners, and the work projects are useless for their career after released from correctional facilities in the future, it's just killing time in prisons. The labor compensation in prisons is for less income, it's difficult to pay their necessary expenses in prisons, and the resources about employment provided by the correctional facilities are not effective in their career after released. Based on the results of the interview, this article makes following reform proposals: (1) establish the goal of resocialization for the work system in prisons; (2) reform the work projects and types in prisons to increase the labor compensation; (3) increase the opportunity to participate in vocational training courses and to improve the professionalism of teachers and the practicality of the courses; (4) establish and extend the connection of the rehabilitation system in advance by means of case management.