創意產業對創業行為之空間外溢效果分析

Spatial Spillover Effect of Creative Industry on Entrepreneurship

1980 年代以降，經濟成長相關研究多以人力資本之培養為探討對象，並受到不同研究成果之支持，其中，Florida 提出創意人才論點，藉以深化解釋人力資本之意義。本研究以創意人才理論，探討創意產業與創業活動之關聯性，運用行政院主計總處公布之工商普查與人力資源調查資料，透過空間分析與空間迴歸計量模型進行分析。結果顯示，創意產業與創意人才對地區創業活動皆產生正向影響，其中，創意產業之影響效果大於創意人才，另創業活動確實受到創意產業之聚集效果而增加，且創意產業聚集亦可對鄰近創業活動產生正向幫助，證實外溢效果確實存在；至於第二階空間權重矩陣之測試結果，則反映創意產業之聚集效果確實可影響其區域邊界。

Studies of economic growth since the 1980s have focused on human capital formation, supported by various empirical findings. Richard Florida presented the Creative Class theory to further demonstrate the impact of human capital. Based on the Creative Class theory, this study investigates the relationship between creative industries and entrepreneurial activities. Spatial analysis and spatial regression models are adopted to analyze data obtained from the Industrial and Commercial Census and Human Resources Survey, compiled by the General Accounting Office of the Executive Yuan.
Analytical results indicate that the creative industries and Creative Class positively influence regional entrepreneurial activities, with the former having strong effects than the latter. Additionally, entrepreneurial activities are enhanced by the clustering effect of the creative industries. Such aggregation of creative industries also raises the intensity of entrepreneurial activities in the neighboring areas, confirming the spillover effect. Using the second-order spatial weight matrix, we demonstrate that the clustering effect of creative industries reaches the surrounding zones.