運用多對策改善兒童腸病毒照顧者照護行為之成效探討

Utilizing Multiple Countermeasures to Improve the Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Care for the Family of Hospitalized Children with Enterovirus

家庭成員間的交互感染是腸病毒的主要傳播途徑，因此如何有效加強兒童和家庭成員的認知，加強腸病毒照顧者的照顧能力及手部衛生，實為預防腸病毒傳播的不二法門。
本研究運用類實驗性研究 (quasi-experimental study)，於 2019 年 5 月 1 日至 9 月 30 日針對台灣某醫學中心因腸病毒入住兒科病房之照顧者進行收案，共收案 37 位對照組及 56 位實驗組。實驗組為接受介入措施之兒童腸病毒照顧者；對照組為未接受介入措施之兒童腸病毒照顧者。成效指標包含兒童腸病毒照顧者疾病認知、照護行為、執行手部衛生及焦慮程度。研究結果發現，本研究之多媒體衛教資料及互動式衛教小工具等介入措施，可有效提升兒童腸病毒照顧者之疾病認知 (p < .01)、照護行為 (p < .01) 、執行手部衛生 (p < .01) 與降低焦慮程度(p < .01) 。
本研究運用多對策改善的實施，可以有效提升腸病毒住院病童照顧者疾病認知與照護行為，研究發現加強人員教育、落實手部衛生是防止病毒傳播之重要基石，建議持續加強兒童腸病毒照顧者的正確洗手觀念，降低病毒傳播之風險。

Cross-infection among family members is the main route of enteroviruses transmission for young children. Therefore, how to effectively enhance awareness in children and family members, and strengthen the caring abilities and hand hygiene of caregivers is important to prevent the spread of enteroviruses.
From May 1 to September 30 in 2019, caregivers taking care of children with enterovirus in the pediatric ward of a medical center were enrolled. We used a number of experimental interventional strategies to improve the quality of enterovirus infection control and conducted this case-control study. After implementation of our intervention, the differences in the demographic attributes, disease cognitions and care behavior of the caregivers were analyzed. Our research tools included cognitive questionnaires and actual observations of caregiver behaviors.
A total of 56 caregivers were assigned as the case group and 37 caregivers as the control group. There were no differences in demographic characteristics of the caregivers in the two groups. However, after intervention, Improving the disease cognition (t = -2.345, p < .010), care behavior (t = -7.13, p < .010) , correct hand washing (t = -8.8, p <.01) and reducing anxiety level (t = 6.69, p < .010) .
Implementation of improvement measures in this study effectively improved the disease cognition and care behavior of caregivers taking care of children hospitalized with enterovirus, and also influenced the hand hygiene behavior of caregivers. Hand hygiene remains an important cornerstone in preventing the spread of enterovirus.