新冠疫情時代臺灣中學教師旅遊調適行為與幸福感之研究

Study on Travel Coping Behaviors and Well-being in the Era of COVID-19 Pandemic-Case Study of Middle and High School Teachers in Taiwan

從2009年到2019年間，臺灣出國人數從8,142,946人次達到17,101,335人次。顯示國人從事國外旅遊活動的比例，正逐年增加成長。教師肩負教育之重任，歷經自民國90年到108年的教育改革，承受各種壓力，出國旅遊遂成為其紓解壓力的選擇之一。然2019年12月爆發新冠肺炎疫情，政府發布一連串邊境管制，對有出國習慣的教師產生莫大影響。研究旨在探討中學教師於疫情期間進行旅遊所遭遇的阻礙、調適行為與幸福感之影響因子與交互關係。實證結果顯示，在中學教師不同背景變項中，疫情期間的旅遊活動以「年齡」、「目前擔任職務」對於旅遊阻礙、調適行為及幸福感有顯著差異。疫情趨緩時，是否領取振興券參與國旅或短期出國行程（偽出國或旅遊泡泡）對於調適行為、幸福感亦有絕對相關影響。政府可採多方管道與民間旅業合作，增加旅客對國旅的信心，亦可帶動更多旅業者可以投入國旅，刺激消費，共同渡過新冠疫情。研究結果，可提供重大疫情期間進行旅遊之中學教師、政府振興經濟策略之推行，及旅遊相關業者參考。

Statistics shows that the number of outbound travelers rose from 8,142,946 in 2009 to 17,101,335 in 2019. In other words, the proportion of Taiwanese citizens engaged in outbound tourism is increasing year by year. Teachers in Taiwan have long shouldered the responsibility of education. Going through the educational reforms from 2001 to 2019, they have been under various pressures. Hence, traveling abroad has become one of their options to relieve stress. As COVID-19 broke out in December 2019, however, the government issued a series of border controls, which had a great impact on teachers who habitually travel abroad. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influential factors and correlations among travel constraints, coping behaviors, and the well-being of teachers during the pandemic. The empirical results show that among the different background variables, middle and high school teachers responded with noticeable differences in the categories of travel constraints, coping behaviors and well-being during the pandemic based on their ＂ages＂ and ＂current positions.＂ As the pandemic waned, government-issued revitalization vouchers to promote domestic travel or short-term overseas trips (e.g. fake flights or travel bubbles) also cast an absolutely relevant influence on their coping behaviors and well-being. The government may collaborate with the tourism industry, introducing various ways to boost tourists' confidence in domestic travel. Last, more tour operators may get involved in local tourism, providing a variety of preferential schemes to stimulate consumption and drive the growth of domestic travel. Hopefully, the findings of this study will offer some insights into the travel alternatives adopted by middle and high school teachers during the pandemic, the economic revitalization strategies introduced by the government, and tourism-related businesses promoted by tour operators.