育有子女護理人員工作負荷與母職焦慮之相關因素

Factors Associated with Workload and Motherhood Anxiety among Nursing Staff with Children

本研究探討育有子女之護理人員的工作負荷與母職焦慮的相關因素。方便取樣自南部某區域教學醫院，採橫斷性調查，以工作負荷與母職焦慮量表收集資料，資料以描述性統計、雙變項與多變項線性迴歸分析。結果為工作負荷總平均38.56，母職焦慮總平均67.90，多變項的顯著相關因素：在工作負荷方面為，目前機構服務年資10.1-15.0（p＝0.009）年與15.1-20年（p＜0.001）的工作負荷分別高於0.5～5年者、工作職稱為小組長的工作負荷低於護理師（p＝0.024）、已婚者的工作負荷高於未婚／單親者（p＝0.001）、及母職焦慮與工作負荷為正相關（p＜0.001）；在母職焦慮方面為，目前機構服務年資15.1-20.0年的母職焦慮低於0.5～5年者（p＝0.004）、目前工作班別為非輪班者的母職焦慮低於輪班者（p＝0.006）、已婚者的母職焦慮低於未婚／單親者（p＝0.011）、及工作負荷與母職焦慮為正相關（p＜0.001）。結論：機構服務年資、工作班別／職稱、婚姻狀況，皆與育有子女之護理人員工作負荷和母職焦慮有相關，而工作負荷與母職焦慮有正相關。實務上可定期評估不同年資護理工作負荷，排假調整及非正式職務負荷之加給；政策推展親職教育課程，盡量使家庭與工作間取得平衡。

This study aimed at exploring the factors associated with workload and motherhood anxiety in female nurses who have children. This study used cross-sectional survey and convenience sampling method for recruiting female nurses who have children from a teaching hospital in southern Taiwan. The nursing workload scale and the motherhood anxiety scale were used to collect data. Descriptive statistics and bivariate and multivariate linear regression were used to analyze the data. The results showed the grand mean of workload scores was 38.56 and grand mean of motherhood anxiety scores was 67.90. Multivariate linear regression of workload showed significant factors were that the current institution service years 10.1-15.0 (p=0.009) years and 15.1-20 years (p＜0.001) were respectively higher than 0.5-5 years, and the leaders were lower than that of nurses (p=0.024), the married people were higher than that of unmarried/single parents (p=0.001), and maternal anxiety was positively correlated with workload (p＜0.001). In terms of motherhood anxiety, those with 15.1-20.0 years of service in the current institution were lower than 0.5-5 years (p=0.004), the non-shift workers were lower than the shift workers (p=0.006), the married parents were lower than that of the unmarried/single parents (p=0.011), and work load was positively correlated with motherhood anxiety (p＜0.001). Conclusion: Current institution's working experience, job title, working class and marital status are associated with workload and motherhood anxiety among nurses with children. A positive relationship is existed between workload and motherhood anxiety. In practice, it is possible to regularly evaluate the nursing workload of different seniority, adjust appropriate rest and give a reasonable salary increase; provide parenting education courses to balance family and work.