原鄉新冠肺炎之健康識能與文化合適性防疫宣導策略

Health Awareness and Culturally Appropriate Epidemic Prevention Strategy for COVID-19 in Taiwan's Indigenous Townships

新冠肺炎（COVID-19）疫情對醫療系統造成極為沉重的負擔，如何提升防疫成效，減輕醫護人員的負擔，是最關鍵的工作。2022年初國內疫情爆發至同年5月，全國確診率最高的2個地區都是原住民鄉，而原住民族地區有其文化特殊性，由此可知，原鄉新冠肺炎的健康識能與文化合適性防疫議題極為重要。本文從原住民部落觀點出發，闡述提升健康識能與建構友善的健康識能環境對原鄉部落居民的重要性，以及原鄉部落新冠肺炎防疫現況與困境，包括族人對資訊正確程度進行區辨的能力、面對防疫措施的遵從度、對疫苗與快篩試劑，以及確診的通報流程等訊息認知。爰此，提出具有文化合適性原鄉防疫宣導策略，期望透過由下而上、因地制宜的原住民族部落宣導策略，增加防疫與健康促進之成效。

The COVID-19 pandemic has imposed an extremely heavy burden on the medical system in Taiwan. Thus, improving the effectiveness of epidemic prevention efforts and reducing the related burdens on medical staff are critical. Between the initial outbreak of COVID-19 in Taiwan in early 2022 until May of that same year, two townships with high percentages of indigenous (Malayo-Polynesian) residents reported the highest rates of infection nationwide. As the indigenous culture in these and other similar townships differs significantly from Taiwan's mainstream culture, determining how to improve health awareness and provide culturally appropriate treatments during this pandemic in indigenous communities is vital. In the context of Taiwan's indigenous population, this paper addresses the importance of improving health awareness, proposes how to foster a more-friendly health awareness environment, and suggests a strategy for providing effective healthcare under current pandemic conditions. Prevention measures include improving the ability of indigenous citizens to assess the correctness of information provided, improving compliance with epidemic prevention measures, improving knowledge regarding vaccines and rapid screening reagents, and improving the notification process for diagnoses. A culturally appropriate township-based promotion strategy for epidemic prevention should be proposed to increase the effectiveness of epidemic prevention and health promotion to improve health conditions in indigenous communities.