口腔癌病友罹癌前後生活的敘說：身體心像變化與社工實務反思

Narratives of Oral Cancer Patients: the Process of Patients’ Body Image Changes and Reflections on Social Work Services

癌症長期為國人10大死因之首位，令人聞之色變。而在各癌症類型當中，台灣的口腔癌發生率為世界最高，病友多為生理男性，致癌原因與使用菸、酒、檳榔習慣有密切關係。由於口腔癌於治療上，可能導致顏面損傷和語言功能受損，因此也涉及自我身體心像的貶抑，進而影響治癒後的社會生活適應。本文主旨不在於建構普遍性的實證，係以社工角色透過兩位口腔癌患者對於罹癌前後生活歷程的敘說，反思服務對象如何於生、心理與社會壓力中，尋得生命價值與形成自我身體心像。於此歷程，研究建議在口腔癌病友的服務上，除生理復健協助，仍可著重於療癒性、支持環境的建置；互動時多關注疾病治療以外的主題；以及透過社會互動的正向回饋等，來協助病友對自我有健康的敘說。

Cancer is the leading cause of death in Taiwan. Among the types of cancer, Taiwan has the highest incidence of oral cancer in the world. Most of the patients are physiological male, and the causes of cancer are mostly closely related to the habit of using tobacco, alcohol, and betel nut. Due to the treatment of oral cancer, it may lead to facial damage and impaired language function, so it will devalue the body image of the mind, which will affect the social life adaptation in the future. This article is not searching for and measuring empirical data, but using two oral cancer patients' self-narration about their life history before and after cancer, explaining how they can find the value of life and reshape their body image during their lives, psychological and social pressures. As the author's role as a social worker, reflection services can focus more on healing and supporting the establishment of the environment; focus on more diversified life themes, not just on disease treatment; and assist patients to obtain positive interpersonal feedback, starting healthy self-narration.