邁向卓越的多元取徑──臺灣、芬蘭、新加坡資優教育法令政策發展與實踐之跨國比較

Multiple Approaches to Excellence: A Cross-Country Comparison of Policy Development and Practice of the Gifted Education in Tai-wan, Finland, and Singapore

臺灣、芬蘭與新加坡皆致力於推動資優教育或卓越人才的培育，近年來在國際大型學習評比與國際學科競賽中皆有優異表現，其優秀人才的培育方式亦備受世界矚目。然其在歷史文化背景、教育哲學與制度、資優教育政策發展與實踐等面向卻不盡相同且各有其獨到之特色與價值。本文透過文件分析法整理三國教育政策發展背景並結合資優教育政策論述爬梳其資優教育法令政策的發展脈絡，透過政策來源、政策位階與政策影響因素的分析比較試圖描繪三個國家在資優法令政策的發展路徑與趨勢之異同。此外，研究者進一步針對三國資優教育在法源依據、鑑定安置、實施方式、課程教學、師資培育等五面向的實踐現況進行比較與討論，希冀藉此探究瞭解其邁向卓越的多元取徑，拓展對資優概念多元詮釋的理解與實踐，以做為我國未來資優教育政策發展的省思與參考。

Taiwan, Finland, and Singapore are committed to promoting gifted education or cultivating students with special talents and have performed well in large-scale international learning evaluations and student competitions as well. The way they cultivate talents has attracted worldwide attention. However, there are considerable differences among them regarding historical and cultural backgrounds, educational philosophy, and the policies and practices of gifted education.
In order to realize their different approaches to developing gifted and talented education（GATE）, the documentary analysis and the policy discourse framework were used to depict their development approaches, trends, similarities, and differ-ences.
By means of the comparison process, we look forward to taking this opportunity to explore and understand the multiple approaches of the three countries towards excellence, expand the understanding and practice of the multiple interpretations of the concept of giftedness, and serve as a reflection and reference for future gifted education policy development in Taiwan.