醫療人員面對新興傳染病之社會心理衝擊、壓力及因應策略

Psychosocial Shock, Stress, and Coping Strategies among Healthcare Workers Managing Emerging Infectious Disease Cases

新興傳染病自2003年的SARS及2019年COVID-19後，許多研究證實照護新興傳染病病人會有相對的隱憂，若未妥善提供支援，會嚴重影響醫護人員的心理健康，包括憂鬱、焦慮、失眠及情緒障礙等情況，故早期監測醫護人員的心理狀況，即早提供預防照護措施為首要課題。綜合文獻為避免醫護人員於進行醫療照護過程中產生心理壓力，醫療相關單位需提供清楚的疾病相關資訊、明確的溝通管道、足夠的個人防護裝備及完善的心理支持。另外，社會大眾需給予支持及關懷，避免使用異樣眼光看待醫療人員及其家屬，也是幫忙醫護人員減輕心理壓力的助力。

Emerging infectious diseases (EID) first arose with sudden acute respiratory syndrome in 2003 and attracted public attention again in 2019 with the emergence of coronavirus disease 2019. Many comprehensive studies have confirmed that caring for patients with EID may have negative effects on healthcare workers, including depression, anxiety, insomnia, and emotional disorders, when proper support is not provided. Therefore, the early monitoring of the psychological status and provision of preventive care measures for healthcare workers are important. To avoid psychological pressure on healthcare workers providing medical care, medical units should provide open and transparent disease-related information, implement formal communication channels, provide sufficient personal protective equipment, and ensure complete psychological support. Moreover, less stigma and more support and care from the general public can reduce healthcare workers' psychological pressure.