託物喻理、慎終如始──「鳥書箴銘帶鉤」新考

A New Study on＂Belt Hook with the Motto in Bird-and-Insect Scripts＂

「鳥書箴銘帶鉤」為珍稀罕見的出土箴銘，更是迄今著錄銘文最長之帶鉤，具關鍵之指標意義。帶鉤銘文以鳥蟲書寫成，奇詭難辨，雖已有幾位學者對其進行研究，但仍有約半數文句的釋讀有待商榷，本文均將提出新的見解。此外，並將論及其鳥蟲書銘文之構形方式、箴銘文體、全篇的韻腳及句序等互相關聯之問題，進而對通篇箴銘作出新釋文及語譯，剖析其託喻手法及文意脈絡。篇末則推論其形制，繪製其形制推測圖；且結合相關傳世及出土文獻，探討其思想內蘊。本文所作新考涵蓋語文、文學、器物、思想各個層面，期望能透過深入地考釋、梳理，解決其中錯綜複雜的問題轇轕，進而掌握銘文內容，並在新的語境脈絡中，對「鳥書箴銘帶鉤」有更細緻準確之詮釋理解。

＂Belt hook with the motto in Bird and Insect scripts＂ was recorded in Xue Shang Gong's and Wang Qiu's book in the Song dynasty. The only transcription versions have been handed down. However, it is a rare and unearthed motto inscription, and the longest inscription with a belt hook ever recorded, which is a crucial indicator. The inscriptions on the belt hook are written in bird and insect scripts, which are strange and difficult to recognize; although several scholars have studied them, there are still many complex words and phrases. In addition to the word ＂Yun＂ at the end of the hook, there are eight sentences and thirty-two characters in the inscription, the interpretation of about half of them is open to debate, and this paper will present new insights. Moreover, we will discuss various interrelated issues such as the composition of inscriptions on the hook, the style of inscriptions, and the rhyming feet and sentence order of the entire inscription; further, a new interpretation and translation of the motto, analyze the metaphor and the context. At the end of the paper, we will infer its shape and draw a projection of its shape. We also explore the ideological content of the motto in the context of related literature.