影響信用卡負債因素之研究

Analysis on the Influencing Factors on Credit card: Evidence from China

本研究透過2015年中國家庭金融調查資料（CHFS）中，針對戶主的7303筆有效樣本，分析影響戶主使用信用卡的影響因素。統計結果發現，於一般迴歸分析中，戶主之總資產增加，其信用卡欠款總額將減少；戶主之增加消費，信用卡欠款總額將增加；戶主之現金增加，信用卡欠款總額將增加；戶主之存款，信用卡欠款總額將減少；戶主之負債總額增加，信用卡欠款總額將增加。戶主有上過理財課程時，信用卡欠款總額將增加。而戶主的健康狀態增加與戶主的婚姻狀況為已婚時，信用卡欠款總額將下降。於二元迴歸模型上，戶主的總資產每增加1元人民幣，擁有信用卡欠款的機率與原來一樣；戶主的消費每增加1元人民幣，擁有信用卡欠款的機率是原來的0.984倍；戶主的存款每增加1元人民幣，擁有信用卡欠款的機率是原來的0.995倍；戶主的負債總額每增加1元人民幣，擁有信用卡欠款的機率是原來的0.997倍。在戶主之理財素養變數上，戶主的理財知識每增加1分，擁有信用卡欠款的機率是原來的0.896倍，戶主的理財態度每增加一層級，擁有信用卡欠款的機率是原來的0.899倍，可見理財知識不但能幫助消費者認識信用卡的便利性，更能夠防範信用卡可能出現的風險。

In this study, 7303 valid samples of household heads in the 2015 China Household Finance Survey (CHFS) were used to analyze the influencing factors that affect household head use of credit cards. The statistical results show that, in the general regression analysis, the total assets of the household head increase, the total amount of credit card arrears will decrease; the increase in consumption of the household head, the total credit card arrears will increase; the cash of the household head increases, the total credit card arrears will increase; Deposits, the total credit card debt will decrease; the total debt of the head of the household increases, the total credit card debt will increase. When the head of household has taken a financial management course, the total credit card balance will increase. When the health status of the head of household increases and the marital status of the head of household is married, the total amount of credit card arrears will decrease. On the binary regression model, for every RMB 1 increase in the total assets of the household head, the probability of having a credit card arrears is the same as before; for every RMB 1 increase in the consumption of the household head, the probability of having a credit card arrears is 0.984 times the original; For every RMB 1 increase in deposits, the probability of having a credit card arrears is 0.995 times the original; for every RMB 1 increase in the total liabilities of the household head, the probability of having a credit card arrears is 0.997 times the original. In terms of the variables of financial literacy of the head of household, for every 1 point increase in the financial knowledge of the head of household, the probability of having a credit card arrears is 0.896 times the original, and for each level of increase in the financial management attitude of the head of household, the probability of having a credit card arrears is 0.899 times the original. It can be seen that financial knowledge can not only help consumers understand the convenience of credit cards, but also prevent possible risks of credit cards.