應用轉換型領導提升護理人員傳染病防治參與

Applied Transformational Leadership to Improve the Participation of Nurses in the Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Diseases

傳染病防治是全球重視的重要醫療照護議題，台灣於2003年因應嚴重急性呼吸道症候群疫情成立傳染病防治醫療網。現行非應變醫院於傳染病防治因應角色其傳染防治之培訓人力多數以非第一線臨床照顧人力，意外發現多數參加的護理人員並不清楚此傳染病醫療網應變計畫之角色與相關權責。本文藉以轉換型領導策略，提升護理人員對於傳染病防治的正向參與，採用轉換型領導再造傳染病防疫文化氛圍，朝向推動支援醫院之「傳染病應援小組」，鼓勵組織成員參加小組會議，參與傳染病防疫政策推動；提供更強健的應援備案，使組織成員有動機執行傳染病防治與緊急支援計畫；藉由研習不同的課程與研習會議，安排組織成員傳染病防護訓練及防疫教育課程；護理領導者建立開放溝通管道，主動關心與正向回饋。現行的傳染病防治是否能夠因應真正傳染病爆發的人力照護，必須考量組織對於傳染病防治的重視與否，以及醫護人員的參與意願，將會影響傳染病防治效益，建議未來應就醫療網第一線應變人員所應具備核心能力發展核心課程，落實相關訓練演練，降低傳染病疫情傳播的危害、避免不當防護引起的交互感染，以確保第一線應變人員安全。

In 2003, Taiwan established a medical network to prevent and treat infectious diseases relating to the SARS epidemic. Most current non-emergency responses to infectious diseases are surprisingly handled by non-first-line clinical care personnel. Hopefully, applying a transformational leadership strategy can improve the awareness and understanding of the participation of these nurses in the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases. Adopting transformational leadership should help rebuild the cultural atmosphere of epidemic prevention. Integrating infectious disease prevention and control to promote the support of the hospital's＂infectious disease response team＂encourages members to participate in group meetings and be active in the promotion of infectious disease prevention policies. By providing more robust response records, members of the institution have more motivation to implement infectious disease prevention. Various infectious disease prevention training and epidemic prevention courses and workshops are organized for the members, and the organization's head nurse facilitates an open channel of communication for them to take the initiative to participate in the prevention and management of infectious diseases, and express their support by giving their positive feedback. To determine whether the current prevention and control of infectious diseases can cope with human health care during real infectious disease outbreaks, it is necessary to consider the organization's concern about the significance of prevention and control of infectious diseases and the willingness of medical staff to participate, both of which will influence its effectiveness. To control epidemic outbreaks and ensure the safety of first-line emergency personnel, it is suggested that the fundamental courses should implement relevant training exercises on the core competence of first-line emergency response personnel in the medical network.