戒治時期藥癮者戒癮改變動機之影響因素探討

An Exploration of Factors influencing the Drug Addicts' motivation for abstinence

過去文獻顯示藥癮者之改變動機為螺旋階段模式，改變動機影響戒癮處遇成效甚大。本文目的在探討哪些因素會影響戒治時期藥癮者戒癮改變動機，據此建立兩個探索模型。研究以藥癮者基本資料、臺灣藥物濫用量表、壓力知覺量表、預期出所後壓力量表、戒治時期社會支持量表、社會支持量表、羅德島大學改變評估量表等為工具，研究對象為508位藥癮戒治者。在逐步迴歸分析簡要模式中，成癮嚴重度、戒治時期社會支持、戒治時壓力知覺、預期出所後壓力、性別、婚姻、主動戒癮經驗等變項對戒癮改變動機具預測力，模型解釋量為25.8％。在逐步迴歸分析精細模式中，關係損害、預期人際與復發壓力、戒治所支持、耗竭反應、預期陪伴性支持、社福與民間支持、婚姻、性別、主動戒癮經驗可預測戒癮改變動機，整個模型對戒癮改變動機的解釋力為31.3%。

According to the literature, the changing motivation of drug addicts was best explained by the spiral stage model. The changing motivation has been shown to affect the effectiveness of abstinence treatment significantly. This study aimed to explore the factors influencing motivation for abstinence among drug addicts, and we built two multiple regression models. Seven measuring instruments, including the Drug Addicts Basic Information, Taiwanese Drug Abuse Screening Test, Perceived Stress Scale, Expected Stress after Releasing Scale, Social Support Scale during the Treatment, Interpersonal Support Evaluation List, and University of Rhode Island Change Assessment, were used to collect participant data. The subjects of the study were 508 drug addicts in the Drug Abuse Treatment Centers. In the brief stepwise regression analysis model, variables such as the severity of addiction, social support during the treatment, perception of stress, expected stress after releasing, gender, marriage, and seeking professional treatment experience are predictive of the motivation for abstinence. The model interpretation amount was 25.8%. In the refined model of stepwise regression analysis, the variables from the highest to the lowest predictive power were relationship damage, expected interpersonal and relapse pressure, support from Drug Abuser Treatment Center, exhaustion response, expected companionship support, support from social welfare organizations, marriage, gender, and seeking professional treatment experience. The model interpretation amount was 31.3%.