中國新冠疫情防控下的移動政治

Politics of Mobility in China’s Responses to COVID-19 Pandemic

中國對COVID-19的疫情防控，採取了許多阻絕人群聚集和管制移動的措施。在疫情防控下，人們的移動能力是不均等分布。本研究分析其涉及的權力樣貌、國家能力、及治理邏輯。資料來源為2020年1月至2020年6月之間，在微信（WeChat）公眾號上的新聞與評論。本研究指出：封城與封閉管理等措施的國家能力，在於掌握正式移動的基礎措施與系統，並且安置不同的摩擦力在不同的移動上。從封城持續發展至封閉管理，中國對大規模傳染病疫情的治理，採取防堵與阻斷流動的空間一人口技術，管控的空間尺度，從跨域移動縮小尺度規模到生活群居地之間的小流動，也造成了社回的飛地化。但由於經濟發展必須勞動力可以流動，地方政府與科技巨頭聯手開發數位技術健康碼。在移動控制的數位技術的發展與運用，呈現了國家能力立基於被地方政府、不同部門、技術開發等多方力量角力下碎裂化的數位權力地景。

To control COVID-19 pandemic, China adopts the measures of blocking people’s clustering and controlling mobility. This study analyzes the state capabilities and governance involved in implementing the aforementioned measures. The data are news and comments from WeChat public accounts from January to June, 2020. This study argues that the state’s capability lies in its control of the infrastructure and system for formal mobility and in placing different frictions on different types of mobility. From city lockdown to “closed-off management” of communities, China’s responses to COVID-19 pandemic adopt a lot of spatial technique. Out of the need of labor migration for economic development, local governments and technology giants in China cooperated and developed a digital technology health code. The development and implementation of health code shows that the state capacities are embedded upon the fragmented digital landscape under the power struggles among local governments, different departments, and technology enterprises. All these result in an unequal distribution of mobility in China’s COVID-19 pandemic.