廣島原爆、輻射生態與原住民解殖民政治：紀錄片《寡婦村》

Hiroshima Bombing, Radiation Ecologies, and Indigenous Decolonizing Politics in Village of Widows

本論文以廣島原爆為題旨，追溯1945年前後跨太平洋核輻射生態浩劫，凸顯當代「輻射生態」論述的原住民之缺席，試圖以原住民輻射生態及解殖民政治的批判，回應美國核化軍事殖民主義。文本聚焦布洛（Peter Blow）執導的加拿大第一民族（First Nations）紀錄片《寡婦村》（Village of Widows），以加拿大西北領土極區內的甸尼部落（The Dene First Nation of Déline）鈾礦開採地為美國帝國軍事殖民主義與原住民部落主權的接觸碰撞場域，分析紀錄片敘事如何具象化原爆經驗，牽引出原住民跨國流動的動能，形塑加拿大原住民和日本原爆倖存者親密聯繫，成為北美原住民解殖民的美學形式。

This article examines atomic explosion, nuclear militarism, and radiation ecologies in the trans-Pacific context, pivoting on Canadian First Nations’experience from Peter Blow’s (dir.) documentary Village of Widows. I investigate how Hiroshima, as a locale and a trope of modern radioactive violence, stimulates Native American resistant narratives and decolonial visual activism, which feature“convergence,”to borrow Leslie Marmon Silko’s vocabulary, where the fates of“all living things”and the planet have been laid. I argue that any criticism surrounding atomic bombing and radiation ecologies would not be complete without addressing how the historical memory of Hiroshima bombing intertwines with the environmental catastrophe in Native American lands. By retrieving the Indigenous/decolonial contestation and voices, I venture a nuclear criticism that recognizes the Indigenous subject position in conjunction with the violent history of the radioactive Pacific.