政府機關推行開放資料之影響因素探討：量化研究與多群組比較分析

Exploring the Factors Influencing Government Agencies' Intention to Implement Open Data Policies in Taiwan: A Quantitative and Multigroup Analysis Perspective

政府開放資料於近年已成為國際間各國政府的施政重點之一，期以達到政府透明、公眾參與以及協同合作的開放政府目標。然政府機關的開放資料參與會受到許多因素影響，因此，本研究透過文獻檢閱過往開放資料相關研究，提出影響因素之研究假設以建立量化模型進行分析，探討影響我國政府機關推行開放資料政策之意願與行為的因素。所探討之因素為認知有用性、預期成本、外部影響、外部促成條件、組織能力、法令政策、領導階層、開放資料價值認知與預期風險。本研究亦以機關參與開放資料之時間歷程進行多群組分析，探討影響因素在不同實行時間歷程之機關間是否有差異性影響存在，並於文內進行討論與提供實務建議，以供政府持續推行開放資料政策時之參考。

Open government data (OGD) has become an important policy implementation around the global government administrations while OGD is expected to help achieve the principles of open government, including transparency, participation and collaboration. However, as indicated in the literature, there have been factors existing to influence government agencies' open data participation. In this research, recent open data literature is first reviewed, and related hypotheses are developed for forming a conceptual model for conducting quantitative analysis and exploring how the factors influence government agencies' intention and behavior of open data policy implementation. The investigated factors are perceived usefulness, perceived cost, external influence, facilitating condition, organizational capability, legislation and policy, agency leadership, perceived value of OGD, and perceived risk. Particularly, multigroup analysis (MGA) is adopted in this study for exploring whether the investigated factors have different weights on government agencies having different years of experience of open data policy implementation. Based on the quantitative data analysis results, the discussions and practical implications of this research can provide insights to practitioners and policy makers and also enrich the current open data related literature.