偏鄉小校校長掙脫廢校困境之個案研究

A Case Study of the Principal of a Remote Small School Escaping from the Dilemma of Closing School

臺灣小校存廢問題，爭議甚久。然因少子化，對行政主管機關而言，學校關閉成為不得已的選擇。偏鄉小校校長面對廢校的危機，積極尋求學校存續的可能。若要如此，校長必須擬定策略，逐步發展。而文獻探討發現，許多研究提供為數不少的偏鄉小校發展策略，但並未能顯示優先順序以及校長的核心思維。本研究採取個案研究方法，試圖了解小校校長掙脫廢校困境的思維與作為。在思維上，試圖釐清校長的中心價值；在作為上，則探明策略的優先順序。研究發現在思維上，偏鄉小校校長認定課程教學為核心工作。策略的順序，則是先以學校內部經營為主要策略，尤其是校內行政團隊的建立；在內部安定之後，校長得以積極爭取資源經費，促成校內課程與教學改革，進而能夠創造招生宣傳的亮點。

The issue of the retention and abolition of small schools in Taiwan has been controversial for a long time. However, due to the declining birthrate, school closure has become a last resort for administrative authorities. Facing the crisis of closing the school, the principal of a rural primary school, as usual, actively seeks any possibilities for surviving the school. If doing so, the principal must formulate strategies and implement them gradually. According to the results of literature review, many studies provide a large number of development strategies for rural small schools, but they fail to show the order of priority of strategies and the principal’s core thought. This study tried to understand the thought and actions of the principal in escaping from the predicament of closing school by adopting case study method. The researcher attempted to clarify the central value of the principal in terms of thought and to ascertain the priority of strategies in terms of actions. The study found that in terms of thought, the principal of a rural primary school recognized curriculum and teaching as the core work. And the order of strategies is to start with school management, especially the establishment of the administrative team, as the main strategy. After the school has settled down, the principal can actively strive for resources and funds to promote the school curriculum and teaching reform. In turn, the reform can create the highlight of promotion.