宜蘭縣農地土地利用變遷分析之研究──以溪北地區為例

Land-Use Changes Analyses for Agriculture Land of Yi-Lan County-Using Si-Bei Area as an Example

宜蘭縣由於國道五號通車的效應，許多當地鄉鎮市的農地使用因此產生極大變化，成為氣候變遷外，農產與食物來源的另一項重大衝擊。「國土計畫法」中農業發展地區相關之土地使用指導原則，其內容主要強調農業發展地區應以確保糧食安全為原則，積極保護重要農業生產環境及基礎設施；而農地的保全與使用之重要性，也攸關國家糧食安全與農業生產的永續經營，而現今農地與農業生產由於自然環境與人為因素正遭受極大的威脅。本研究以宜蘭縣溪北地區為對象，經由比對近十年間五個鄉鎮市中農業土地使用變遷情形，運用空間分析技術的核密度估計探討其變化集中的情形，並透過公所及縣府相關業務人員的訪談，釐清其變遷的趨勢與背景因素。研究中發現宜蘭縣溪北地區的五個鄉鎮市均有明顯的農地使用改變情形，其與農地開放政策、國道五號通車等原因均有關聯，但不同鄉鎮市間的農地空間變遷會因地點特性而有差異。

Upon Chiang Wei-shui Memorial Freeway opening to traffic, the agriculture landuse suffered substantially impacts. The change of agriculture landuse has become an issue of threating corps production and food sources beside climate change. According to the Spatial Planning Act promulgated on January 6, 2016, the guidelines of agricultural development zones emphasize the principle of agriculture production security, and the protections of producing environment and agriculture facilities. However, the farm lands and agriculture products are under the threats by the changes of both natural environment and human factors. This study compares the agriculture land changes of the recent 10 years, and uses spatial analysis technique, Kernel Density Estimation, to analyze the clustering of spatial changes. The attributes and backgrounds of these agriculture land changes are further discussed by interviewing the officers of county government and township offices. The results from our analysis indicate significant agriculture landuse changes among study area's five townships. The causes of changes are similar, yet the developments of individual township's spatial changes are quite different according to its local attribute.