「可信賴專業活動」模式於護理教育之運用與建議

Application and Recommendation of Entrustable Professional Activities (EPAs) in Nursing Education

醫學教育近10年來開始以能力為導向進行住院醫師能力訓練，導入的評量方式稱為「可信賴專業活動」（entrustable professional activities, EPAs）。EPAs的架構包括學習任務、核心能力及里程碑，它強調以能力為導向（competency-based）來訓練學習者，同時在學習過程中，教學者應多次評量學習者的學習成效並給予回饋，以利學習者修正學習內容。EPAs已廣泛應用於臨床醫學教育，然而，在護理養成教育中，EPAs尚處於發展階段。本文旨在介紹EPAs的概念、內涵、發展步驟及國外護理教育應用現況，進而對國內護理教育推動EPAs可能遇到之困境提出具體建議。

The competency-based approach has been advocated in medical education in recent years to strengthen the professional competencies and skills of medical professionals entering their residency. Entrustable professional activity (EPA), which consists of clinical tasks, core competencies, and milestones, is a recommended competency-based training program focused on the learning process of trainees. EPA emphasizes that trainers evaluate their trainees’ learning repeatedly and provide feedback so that these trainees have an opportunity to correct their behaviors. However, EPAs have not yet been widely implemented in school-based nursing education. The purpose of this essay was to introduce the concept, connotations, development stage, and application of EPAs. The dilemmas and recommendations of EPA development in Taiwan are also presented.