充權理念的實踐？當前居家式與日間照顧的檢視

Realizing the Idea of Empowerment? Reviewing Community Care Services

本研究旨在探討服務使用者在接受當前居家式與日間照顧服務前、後對充權之感受的變化狀況，並據以提出有助於促進服務使用者充權的相關建議。本研究採取量化研究方法進行，研究工具為由研究團隊所設計之充權量表，該量表係由心理充權、社會充權與政治充權等三個次量表所組成。當前居家式與日間照顧服務項目包括社區照顧關懷據點、日間照顧及居家服務。本研究以臺灣本島為研究場域，以叢集抽樣方式抽取四個縣市之服務使用者為樣本，並以面對面的問卷調查訪問進行資料蒐集，計收回有效問卷626 份。主要研究發現包括：（1）服務使用後的社會及政治充權皆有提升；（2）日間照顧對充權的提升最為顯著；（3）教育、健康及經濟狀況是影響充權最顯著的變項；（4）個人特性對充權的解釋變異量最高，其次為服務特性，再其次為家庭／社區特性。經討論和分析後，本研究提出有助於促進社區照顧服務使用者充權的七項建議。

This study aims to explore the changing variation of service users' feelings about empowerment before and after receiving community care services, and accordingly to propose relevant suggestions helpful to promote user’s empowerment. This study adopts quantitative methods, and the empowerment scale composed of psychological, social and political sub-scales were designed by the research team. Community care services include 3 items: community-based caring sites, day care and domiciliary services. The service users in 4 counties and cities in Taiwan were sampled by cluster sampling. Data were collected through face-to-face questionnaire interviews, and 626 valid questionnaires were collected. The main findings include: (1) Both social and political empowerment after service use has been improved; (2) Day care is the most significant service item contributing to promoting the idea of empowerment; (3) Education, health, and economic status are the most significant factors affecting user’s empowerment; (4) Personal characteristics have the highest amount of variation in interpretation of empowerment, followed by service item, and then family/community characteristics. After discussion and analysis, this study proposes 7 suggestions conducive to user’s empowerment of community care services.