健康促進相關行動應用程式的，使用性概念分析

Usability of mobile applications: a concept analysis in health promotion

伴隨現代社會健康意識的抬頭，健康促進觀念逐漸備受學術及產業界的重視，同時，在資訊科技高度發展的現今，健康促進相關的行動應用程式亦雨後春筍般地開發。然仍諸多健康促進行動應用程式的設計，未能提供用戶擁有順暢的使用經驗，進而導致用戶無法透過健康促進行動應用程式達成健康促進目標；有鑑於此，釐清行動應用程式的使用性定義屬性，並嘗試應用於健康促進領域，期能協助程式設計者瞭解用戶角度之使用性屬性，終能滿足用戶擁有流暢的使用經驗。本文採用Walker及Avant所提出之概念分析方法，進行「行動應用程式使用性」概念分析，步驟依序為（1）瞭解概念範疇（2）釐清概念定義屬性（3）建構典型案例（4）建構相反、邊緣與相關案例（5）確認概念前因與後果（6）確認實證參考指標。基於健康促進觀點的概念分析結果，本文歸納出行動應用程式之使用性定義屬性包括：（1）產品具效率的、（2）用戶滿意的（3）易於學習的。良好的健康促進行動應用程式，可提高用戶對行動應用程式的忠誠度與黏著度，亦能協助其達成健康促進目標，並樂見用戶勇於分享健康促進行動用程式。（台灣衛誌 2022； 41（2）：142-155）

With the rise of health awareness in modern societies, health promotion has attracted increased attention in both academia and industry. This, along with the evolution of information and communication technologies, has stimulated the development of mobile applications for health promotion. However, users of the applications do not necessarily achieve their goals because many applications do not provide a smooth user experience. In this study, we identified the defining attributes of app usability in the context of health promotion to guide app design for improved user experience. We first explored app usability by applying Walker and Avant’s concept analysis method, which involves the following steps: (a) identifying the use of the concept; (b) determining the defining attributes; (c) considering a model case; (d) considering contrary, borderline, and related cases; (e) identifying antecedents and consequences; and (f) defining empirical referents. We subsequently derived a unified definition of usability. From the health-care perspective, the defining attributes of usability of mobile application are efficiency, user satisfaction, and learnability. Apps with these attributes can achieve their designed goals and reach maximal efficacy because users would continue using the app on a regular basis and recommend it to others. (Taiwan J Public Health. 2022;41(2):142-155)