論股份有限公司下股東資訊權

Research on the Shareholder's Informatiion Right of A Company Limited by Shares

系所名稱：法律學系一般生組 學位別：碩士 畢業學年：98年 指導教授：張心悌 在採取股份有限公司的公司治理結構下，形成公司經營權與所有權分離。多數股東不直接參與公司的經營管理，造成公司日常經營與決策掌握在經營管理階層，事實上使股東對公司經營資訊的掌握處於不利地位，而經營管理階層常以濫用較為優勢地位侵害股東權利、損害股東利益等情形。因此，股東資訊權係屬股東權最基礎性也是最重要的股東權之一，尤其對中小股東而言，股東資訊權係為監督公司經營管理的重要手段，同時亦為股東重大決策、受益權等其他核心股東權得以實現與落實的基礎與前提。本論文旨在探討股份有限公司下的股東資訊權保障。先從股東資訊權的理論基礎、價值及憲法上基本權保障地位為何進行論述，再探討我國現行法對股東資訊權是有保護不周之處，並以比較法觀點，觀察美、日、德法學先進大國，將具體股東資訊權可細分為股東查閱權、股東質問權、股東聲請檢查人制度皆有較為全面的規範，但往往因法制史上之發展而各有所側重。在股東查閱權、股東質問權、股東聲請檢查人制度內，進一步分析美、日兩國公司法有關立法例，兼以觀察重要司法實務發展，對於各項具體資訊權部分提出要件分析、舉證模式以及救濟管道，並於第六章提出各國及我國日後所面臨的問題並檢討分析。最後，基於前開所得結論，檢視我國公司法下有關股東資訊權之相關規範，本文除提出現行法有缺漏之虞外，亦參考美、日兩國之立法例，提出公司法有關股東查閱權及股東聲請檢查人制度之修正建議並建議引進股東質問權制度之外，另詴擬應修正及引進條文，希冀此能提供立法者日後之參考，並期我國法制下對股東資訊權保障能較為完善。

Because of the governance structure of modern companies, which limited by shares, separation of ownership and management gradually formed. Most shareholders do not participate in the company affairs directly. Directors and managers seize the right of company management and decision-making. As a result, shareholders are in an adverse place in terms of knowing a company’s situation now. Moreover, directors and managers frequently encroach on the rights and benefits of shareholder, and so forth. Information right is one of the most basic and important shareholder’s rights. For minor shareholders, keeping the right of information is a way to supervise the management of the company, and the foundation of other core rights.This thesis is meanly to focus on the shareholder’s information right of a company limited by shares. First of all, this paper is to analysis the basic theoretic and value of the right and to discuss how to protect the fundamental rights under the constitution. And then, the discussion of whether the domestic regulations is enough or not for protection, and taking as a comparative legal study of observation actions in the USA, Japan and Germany , in which the science of law are more advanced .The right of the holder’s information can be subdivided into the inspection right and the inquiry right of the shareholder ,as well as the system to apply for appointment of inspector of the shareholder. They have to provide with details, however, their focus of development are different.On the above rights, the further analysis and comparison in the legislation of company law of USA to Japan and observation of the current situation are very important for related cases. Regarding of each concrete information right, the analysis on the requirement of exercise, the model of burden of proof and the right of action for remedy should be proposed and discussed in Chapter 6.From the aforementioned, the company law in Taiwan, and the propose of an amendment about shareholder’s inspection in the system of applying for an inspector appointment should be examined. From the law of USA and Japan, the inquiry right of the shareholder should be also introduced. Through the thesis serves as an example for legislators, a more mature law for protection in shareholder’s information rights may be thus provided.