文化景觀之辨識與保存──臺灣工業遺產中糖業遺產的辨析

The Identification and Conservation of Cultural Landscape-an Analysis of Sugar Industrial Heritage in Taiwan

本研究部分以作者過去對文化景觀議題的系列研究為基礎。首先對於臺灣糖業遺產指定登錄的現況，乃至於在文化景觀類型上的登錄內涵進行梳理，進一步探討文化景觀的概念與構成，最終則再次檢視在文化景觀的概念下，做為工業遺產之一的糖業遺產可以如何加以登錄與保存維護。研究結果顯示，糖業的相關設施空間，固然具有文化資產的價值，但並非都適合採用文化景觀的模式保存維護，仍應檢視其保存對象的主體與主題樣態，選擇適宜的保存維護方式。文化景觀是具有人類與自然相互影響特徵的場域，而由於其歷史、文化、美學、人類學、民族學等面向的價值，在許多的文化資產體系中被認為具有文化資產價值。工業遺產在文化資產保護的體系中，數量逐漸增加，特別是許多產業遺產，因為其生產過程經常與自然環境有所互動，因此部分的工業遺產，從系統來看會是一種文化景觀。然而，工業遺產從類型上的辨析、價值上的判斷，影響了是否能被視為文化景觀，並且適合以文化景觀做為保存維護的模式，也將造成最終一個場域文化遺產樣貌的差異。

This research is based on the author's serial studies on cultural landscape over several years. Firstly, it reviews the current status of the designation or registration of Taiwan's sugar industrial heritage to organize the implications of the registration reasons in different types of cultural landscape, and further explores the concepts and constitution of cultural landscapes. Under the idea of the cultural landscape, the possible registration strategies and conservation concepts of sugar industrial heritage, are also analyzed. The results of the study show that, although the relevant sites and spaces of the sugar industry have value as a cultural heritage, not all of them are suitable for the conservation and protection as cultural landscapes under the Cultural Heritage Preservation Act. The ''protection body'' and ''theme'' of the site and associated objects should still be reviewed in advance, together with appropriate preservation and maintenance methods devised. A cultural landscape which is a site that shows the interaction between human and nature may become a listed cultural heritage due to its historical, cultural, aesthetic, anthropological and/or ethnographic value. The number of listed industrial heritage is gradually increased. Some cases of industrial heritage may be considered as cultural landscapes because the production process of that industry was usually dependent upon the exploitation of local natural resources. However, the identification of the type and value on an industrial heritage will influence whether it is considered and conserved as a cultural landscape. The result of a cultural heritage site will be also different bythe selection of the conservation concept.