非虛構文學的情感空間與社會關係：梁鴻的《中國在梁莊》和《出梁莊記》

Emotionscape and Social Relations in Non-fiction: Liang Hong's China in Liangzhuang and Going Out of Liangzhuang

本文聚焦於梁鴻在《中國在梁莊》和《出梁莊記》敘事裡自我情感的揭露與展演，探究非虛構文體在中國農民工再現所蘊含的社會文化意義以及情感政治。本文主張梁鴻跳脫非虛構文學以「事實」與「真相」作為文類定位與價值的書寫框架，轉向作者內在情緒的展演與情感代理，重新檢視非虛構文學中的情感政治，思考非虛構文類的情感代理，在形塑與建構大眾文化對於中國農民工群體的知識系統與文化系譜中的重要性。本文主張梁鴻在文本中所刻畫的同情、憐憫、逃避、冷漠與羞愧等情感，一方面深究情感在非虛構文學扣問「真相」過程中的重要性，強調非虛構文體對於事實的重構與理解，並非僅是建立於理性與客觀的現代知識生產體系之上，進一步拓展了非虛構寫作的敘事美學與文學性。另一方面，其作品重新審視當代中國農民工的文化再現，揭露以同情與憐憫作為現代性和人文主義文化價值核心的權力關係與侷限性，並且重新想像和形塑中國新興中產階級的情感與社會關係。

With a focus on the display of the writer's feeling, the essay explores the politics of emotions and its cultural implication in the narratives of China's rural migrant workers in Liang Hong's non-fiction. Liang Hong's turn to the making of her own interiority in the texts, which serves as her readers' emotional surrogate, rethinks the politics of emotions in how non-fiction mediates and shapes the cultural understanding of China's rural migrant workers and the process of knowledge production about this marginal group. In the process of narrativizing her emotions, such as compassion, pity, indifference, alienation, and shame, Liang explores the connection between affective economies and literary journalism. The essay argues that Liang's emphasis on the making of the writer's interiority, on the one hand, explores the linkage between emotions and knowledge and rearticulates the aesthetics of literary journalism. On the other hand, her non-fiction work reconsiders the cultural representation of China's rural migrant workers, showing the possibilities, limits, and power relations of compassion as the core value of modernity and humanism. At the same time, Liang's non-fiction narratives reimagine and reshape the emotions and social relations of China's emerging middle class.