《歐陽文粹》編纂之意義

The significance of Ouyang Wencui 's compilation

《歐陽文粹》乃現今所能得見之最早歐陽脩古文選本，於歐文之傳播、接受，及兩宋古文承變、創作頗具重要性。編選者陳亮稱許歐文「根乎仁義而達之政理，蓋所以翼《六經》而載之萬世者也」，有意以其「通於時文者」「明先王法度」。本文詳察該書各篇內容、筆法，以探求其編纂規準與意義。獲知：所收論、書、箚子、奏狀、序、記、雜著、碑銘、墓銘、墓表非盡為科舉需試文類；內容除論及三代先王政法、六經義理外，亦含涉道文理念、為學、取士、遇合等主題，而各文所涉對象、書寫時空常與慶曆新政相關；寫作筆法則多架構謹嚴，層層推論，紆徐詳密，各有精妙獨到處。尤為重要者，在其分類意識，如「箚子」、「雜著」乃《歐陽文粹》新設類目，且所收「雜著」大抵為題跋文章，頗為單純，與其他宋代文集「雜著」內容較繁雜之情形有別。而此書「雜著」一類，可能對其後呂祖謙《宋文鑑》、周必大《歐陽文忠公文集》之分類編次有所啟發。該書所選篇章，部分為後世共認之歐公佳作，兼為各選集屢收之什，足證其編選眼光穩確。此外，是書亦極可能為最早以「文粹」命名之單一文人選集，其後此類「文粹」書籍迭現，蔚為風潮。版本、文獻價值之外，《歐陽文粹》之編纂意義實不容忽視。

Ouyang Wencui(《歐陽文粹》) is the earliest anthology of Ouyang Xiu's ancient essays that can be seen today. It is of great importance in the dissemination and acceptance of Ouyang Xiu's works, as well as the transformation and creation of ancient literature in the Song Dynasty. The editor, Chen Liang, praised Ouyang Xiu's works as ''Achieve political principles based on benevolence and righteousness, assisted LiuJing(《六經》) spread and pass down through the age'' and would like to use it as ''The one who is familiar with the text of the time'', ''Clarify the law of the previous king.'' This article scrutinizes the book, examines the content and style of each chapter to explore its compilation standards and significance.As a result, the collection of Lun(論), Shu(書), Zhazi(劄子), Zou(奏), Xu(序), Ji(記), Zazhu 雜著, Beiming(碑銘), Muming(墓銘), Mubiao(墓表) are not completely compulsory items for imperial examination; the contents not only include the three generations of kings' political laws and Liujing's doctrine but also involve the themes of Taoist philosophy, learning, scholar-seeking, and meeting. Moreover, the objects and eras involved in each article related to the Qingli New Deal a lot. Besides, the writing style of the book is rigorous and meticulous, inference with layers, making the book exquisite and unique. Something even more important is the consciousness of classification. There are some categories, such as Zhazi and Zhazhu, that are new to Ouyang Wencui. In fact, Zhazhu collected are mostly Tiba(題跋), which are comparatively simple and different from other complicated Zhazhus in Song Dynasty. Furthermore, Zhazhu works in this book might inspire the categorization of Liu Zhuqian's Song Wengjian (《宋文鑑》) and Zhou Bida's Ouyang Wenzhong gong Wenji(《歐陽文忠公文集》). Part of the selected chapters in the book are recognized as masterpieces of Ouyang Xiu by later generations, and they are also collected repeatedly in various anthologies, which proves that the editor has an eye for compilation. Also, the book is very likely to be the earliest single anthology of literati named after Wen Cui After that, such Wen Cui books have appeared one after another and were all the rage. In addition to the edition and document value, the significance of the compilation of Ouyang Wencui cannot be ignored.