城市導向永續發展中的知識鴻溝：高雄市先導型研究

Knowledge Gap in City-Based Sustainable Development: A Pilot Study of Kaohsiung, Taiwan

在聯合國永續發展目標宣布後的階段，我們看到越來越多研究者和實務工作者協力來拓展他們過去忽略的永續指標測量方式，並將更多重點放在如何在地化這些永續發展目標，並朝實務及政策應用方向規劃。但因為此國際目標才剛於2015 年訂定，還有更多的議題需要被提出、專有名詞需要被定義、理論或實證及應用上需要投入更多研究，這樣巨大的知識鴻溝，特別是如何在地化永續發展目標引起此研究的注意及投入。此論文透過設計一個城市導向的永續發展評估先導型研究方法，先以高雄為城市個案範例，企圖了解以下兩個面向：第一、被選定的城市在既有的永續指標是如何被監督？第二、在該城市，研究社群是如何投過知識的提供來支援17 個聯合國永續發展目標的城市導向規劃？其中存在那些研究與政策間的知識鴻溝？ 以方法論上來說，此研究先設計一個台灣六都永續發展委員會及永續指標設置的政策背景比較框架，爾後再提議產出一個以永續發展目標為分類的電腦化文獻導圖，但還不是一個系統性的詳細文獻內容探討，以便在此先導型研究中先初略呈現文獻分佈樣貌。透過這兩組資料的交叉比對，關於高雄永續發展的政策與科學間知識鴻溝可以被點出，特別是此研究發現既有文獻中，與SDG12 負責任消費與生產、SDG10 減少不平等及SDG17 夥伴關係的高雄相關論文相當有限。此外，本研究也指出多個在高雄市府永續工作小組實務及既有文獻創造集體知識的連結缺口，並建議未來可往補齊這些科學與政策連結缺口做跨界與跨領域合作推廣。

In the post-Sustainable Development Goal (post-SDG) era, we see how scholars started to join with practitioners to expand their attention to indicators that were not emphasized previously and to give priority to how to localize SDGs towards more practical and policy relevant approach. However, given the newness of this sustainable development trend since 2015, there are more to be explored, issues unsettled, terms undefined and blackbox unraveled theoretically, empirically and practically. This immense knowledge gap in localizing sustainable development led to the endeavor of this research. By conducting a city-based sustainable development evaluation pilot study in Kaohsiung city, Taiwan as a demonstrative case, the study sought to understand 1) how the chosen city was evaluated in the existing sustainability indicator monitoring; and 2) how scientific community supported the knowledge provisioning in terms of the 17 SDG dimensions and what is the science-policy knowledge gap in between. Methodologically speaking, this research first launched a comparative effort to analyze the policy setting of sustainable development committee and sustainable development indicators designed by all six metropolises in Taiwan. Next the study proposed to conduct a SDGs-oriented computerized literature mapping, rather than a qualitative reading of systematic literature review, to produce a cursory literature landscape. Cross-checking these two sets of data, the knowledge gap between policy and science can be initially identified for Kaohsiung city where extent research on SDG 12 for responsible consumption and production, SDG 10 for reduced inequalities and SDG 17 for partnership was relatively scarce. Beyond that, this study also pointed out several missing linkages between the focus of Kaohsiung City government sustainable working groups in practice and the collective knowledge produced by the existing literature before recommending future transdisciplinary and interdisciplinary cooperation to bridge these science-policy linkage gaps.