以發展永續區域貨運網路系統為基礎之預算分配模式

A Budget Allocation Model in Developing a Sustainable Regional Freight Transportation System

越來越多人意識到整合區域運輸資源能改善運輸基礎設施效率，進而提昇整體物流運輸系統之彈性、可靠度與永續性。過往決策者在規劃運輸網路時較少採用量化評估方式探討預算分配之效益，有時會導致預算分配欠缺公平性。本研究基於永續發展觀點，建構一多目標數學規劃模式，以追求區域貨物運輸效益最大化與減少區域間預算分配差距。為實現區域貨運交通系統之永續發展，本研究考慮永續發展的三個維度：(1)最大化系統之可及性 (運輸效率)；(2) 減少城市間可及性之差異 (運輸公平)；(3) 減少溫室氣體之排放、降低不可再生能源之消耗。研究結果除能協助中央政府從區域永續發展的角度來針對有限的預算進行分配，並提供決策者進行區域貨運網路系統規劃之參考。

An increasing awareness that integration of regional transport resources is a valuable approach toward achieving efficient, reliable, flexible, and sustainable development of entire freight distribution systems. In the past, decision makers seldom used quantitative evaluation methods to discuss the benefits of budget allocation in transportation network planning, which may lead to an unfair allocation of the budget. This paper aims to assist the central government to allocate the limited budget for planning future development of regional freight transportation system, based on sustainable transportation viewpoints. A multi-objective programming model is developed to maximize regional freight transportation efficiency and reduce the budget allocation disparity. Three sustainable objectives are considered, such as: (1) maximizing system accessibility (transportation efficiency purposes), (2) reducing the accessibility disparities among cities (transportation equity viewpoints), and (3) minimizing greenhouse gas emissions and fuel consumption of non-renewable resources (environmental transportation perspectives), to achieve the sustainable development of the studied regional freight transportation network system.