婚姻教養互動類型及親職參與：人夫、人妻與人父、人母

Marriage-Coparenting Interaction Patterns and Parental Involvement: Husband-wife and father-mother

本研究主要目的是探究幼兒父母之婚姻衝突因應與教養聯盟所構成的「婚姻教養互動類型」、家庭特徵和親職參與的關聯。研究對象為居住於大台北地區家有5 至6 歲學前兒童的父母，共計744 對。研究結果有幾項重要發現，首先「婚姻教養互動類型」可區分為投合唱和、疏離背道、情近教遠三種類型。其次，不同的婚姻教養互動類型，父或母的育兒勞務及親子教養有顯著差異。育兒勞務在父母間有些許不同，「投合唱和型」的父親所負擔的育兒勞務，顯著高於「疏離背道型」及「情近教遠型」的父親，而「投合唱和型」與「情近教遠型」的母親所負擔的育兒勞務，則顯著高於「疏離背道型」的母親。父母間的親子教養結果相似，「投合唱和型」的父或母貢獻最多親子教養的責任，次為「情近教遠型」的父或母，貢獻最少親子教養責任者為「疏離背道型」的父或母。最後，從家庭層次的角度來看，比起「疏離背道型」或「情近教遠型」的父母，婚姻教養互動類型為「投合唱和型」的父母，所負擔的育兒勞務與親子教養都較多。家庭特徵變項中，只有父親的教育程度有顯著效果，父親教育程度愈高者，父母對育兒勞務與親子教養的投入也愈高。

The purposes aims of the present study were to identify marriage-coparenting interaction patterns and to examine the effects of these patterns and family characteristics on parental involvement. Participants the subjects of the present study were 744 pairs of parents with children of ages 5 to 6. Results showed that， first of all， marriage-coparenting interaction patterns could be identified as “positive reaction and supportive coparenting，” “negative and passive reaction and undermining coparenting，” and “positive reaction but undermining coparenting”. Secondly， regarding of parenting involvement， fathers in the “positive reaction and supportive coparenting pattern” reported the highest level of child-care labor division; mothers in the “negative and passive reaction and undermining coparenting pattern” reported the lowest level of child-care labor division. Both fathers and mothers in “positive reaction and supportive coparenting pattern” showed the highest level of parent-child interaction， whereas and fathers and mothers in the “negative and passive reaction and undermining coparenting pattern” showed the lowest level of parent-child interaction. Thirdly， from family level， those parents in the “positive reaction and supportive coparenting pattern” reported the highest level of child-care labor division and parent-child interaction. Finally， fathers’ educational levels had significant effect on arental involvement.