五種不同藥劑對東方果實蠅（雙翅目：果實蠅科）之藥效評估

"Evaluation the five Recommend Insecticides Efficiency on Controlling the Oriental Fruit Fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Taiwan"

本研究以5種現行臺灣防治東方果實蠅之化學藥劑，探討不同藥劑噴灑於蟲體、葉片及果實對東方果實蠅之毒效，及藥劑殘效對東方果實蠅之致死效果。以噴藥塔噴灑第滅寧（Deltamethrin）、撲滅松（Fenitrothion）、芬殺松（Fenthion）、馬拉松（Malathion）及芬化利（Fenvalerate）於三種不同日齡成蟲蟲體上，第滅寧、撲滅松、芬殺松及馬拉松對3～5日、7～9日及12～14日齡成蟲造成之死亡率均高於92.5%，而芬化利最高僅造成7～9日齡成蟲42.9%之死亡。室內葉片殘效部分，芬殺松在噴藥3、5及7日後，其防治效果最佳，有98%以上之死亡率，芬化利防治效果則為最差。室外葉片殘效試驗結果顯示，第滅寧在第30日之殘效仍能造成83.4%之死亡為最佳，而撲滅松則最差。室外果實殘效試驗中，所有藥劑於室外果實殘效試驗第10日均已喪失毒效，仍以第滅寧可造成東方果實蠅較高死亡率，撲滅松則為最低。本研究完整進行一系列化學藥劑對東方果實蠅成蟲毒效之探討，期可提供東方果實蠅田間防治管理之參考。

"These studies focus on the toxicities of deltamethrin, fenitrothion, fenthion, fenvalerate and malathion, against oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel). We evaluated by direct spraying insecticides on adults, residues on leaves and fruits respectively. Use spray tower to spray deltamethrin, fenitrothion, fenthion, malathion and fenvalerate on three different day-old adults. The mortality of deltamethrin, fenitrothion, fenthion, and malathion to 3 to 5 days, 7 to 9 days, and 12 to 14 days old adults were all higher than 92.5%, while fenvalerate only caused 42.9% mortality of 7 to 9 days old adults. For the leaves residual effect of indoor studies, fenthion has the highest mortalities after 3, 5 and 7 days after treatment, with a mortality rate of over 98%, while fenvalerate has the lowest mortalities. The leaves residual effect of outdoor studies showed that the deltamethrin on the 30th days after treatment still caused 83.4% mortalities, which was the best, while fenitrothion was the lowest. In the outdoor fruit residual study, all insecticides had lost their toxic on the 10th days after treatment. Deltamethrin still caused a higher mortality and fenitrothion was the lowest. In this study, some insecticides have been fully explored on the toxic effects of oriental fruit fly adults, and it may provide a reference for the field control and management of oriental fruit flies. "